世界主要国家水资源管理体制及对我国的启示

世界各国针对水资源架构了不同的管理体制。本文梳理了各大洲主要国家的水资源管理体制，分析了水资源管理历史进程与趋势，总结了各国的水资源管理可以分为地方管理为主型、流域管理为主型、多部门管理型、集中管理型和非政府管理型等五种主要体制类型。结合我国水资源管理中存在的问题，启示我们要转变管理目标，改革管理机构并对其职能进行整合，实现更有效的区域管理与流域管理，结合国情进行水资源管理体制的改革和创新。

Water Resource Management Systems of the World＇s Leading Country And Enlightenment to China

Countries in the world construct different water resources management systems. This paper combs through the water resources management systemso of the main countries and in each continent,analyzes the historical process and trend of their water resources management systems, and proposes the classification of the water resources management systems. They can be divided into five main institutional categories, including local adminstratin dominant type, watershed adminstration type, multi-sector adminisation type, and centralized administraton type, and non-government administration type In view of the pratical problems exiting in Chinese water resources management, China should change the management targets, reform the administrtive organization and integrate their functioning, put into effort more efficient regional managemen and watershed management, and reform and innovate the water resources management systems to China＇ s national conditions.