基线边长法的高精度三维标定场建立

针对大范围的摄影测量，传统量测相机标定精度有限，本文提出一种高精度、大尺度的三维标定场建立方法。该方法采用稳定性良好的天然大理石作为基础结构，并设计通视良好的角形基准座，采用微米级多路激光测距手段获取点位距离，进而基于测边网平差模型直接建立高精度三维标定场。通过模拟多组近似坐标和距离观测值对该算法进行验证。结果表明，该标定场近似坐标的模拟误差不能超过3 mm，单位权中误差与距离观测值模拟误差相当，距离反算值与理论值偏差的标准差是距离观测值模拟误差的一半，验证了测边网计算模型及程序的正确性。该标定场既可为量测相机提供大尺度标定，也可对激光跟踪仪的测量性能进行不定期检核。

Establishment of high-precision 3D calibration field based on baseline length method

Since large-scale photogrammetry is calibrated with traditional measuring cameras, with limited accuracy, a high-precision, large-scale three-dimensional calibration field establishment method is proposed. This method uses natural marble with good stability as the basic structure, and designs a horn pedestal, uses micron-level multi-beam laser ranging to obtain the distance between two points, and then directly establishes a high-precision 3D calibration field based on the baseline adjustment model. The method is verified by simulating multiple sets of approximate coordinates and observations on distance. The results show that the simulation error of the approximate coordinates of the calibration field cannot exceed 3 mm, mean square of weight is equivalent to the simulation error of observation on the distance, and the standard deviation of the inversed value and the theoretical value of the distance is half of the simulation error of the observations on the distance, which verifies the correctness of calculation models and procedures. The calibration field can not only provide large-scale calibration for the measurement camera, but also perform irregular inspection on the measurement performance of the laser tracker.