多影像空三平差辅助下的车载全景相机严密标定方法

针对目前全景相机标定方法的研究现状,提出了一种多影像光束法空三平差辅助下的全景相机内参数严密标定方法。首先建立全景相机标定场,对组成全景相机的每台单相机的内参数进行标定;然后按照预先设计好的摄影参数,旋转摄影获取全景相机在标定场中多个不同摄影方向的影像,利用其中一个摄站的标定影像和物方控制点通过空间后方交会的方法解算单相机之间的初始相对方位元素,即粗标定;最后将所有摄站的标定影像构建区域网并进行光束法空三平差,获取精确的全景相机参数,即严密标定。试验表明,文中提出的全景相机标定方法可以提高标定结果的精度和可靠性,为全景影像的拼接、量测及真彩点云的生成等后续研究和应用奠定可靠的基础。

The Calibration Method of Vehicle-borne Panoramic Camera Based on the Aerial Triangulation of the Multi-direction Images

Aiming at the research situation on the calibration method of the panoramic camera, the paper proposed a rigorous method for the calibration of the panoramic camera's internal parameters, which is based on the bundle adjustment of multiple directions images.First to build the calibration field and calibrate the internal parameters of each single camera.Then, to obtain the different photography direction's calibration images of the panoramic camera by rotating photography according to the pre designed camera parameters.The initial relative orientation elements between each single camera are obtained by spatial resection using the calibration images of one camera station and some control points, that is rough calibration.Then to construct regional network with calibration images of all camera stations and bundle adjustment, finally we acquire accurate parameters of the panoramic camera, that is rigorous calibration.The experiment proves that this method can improve the accuracy and reliability of the calibration results, which are the reliable foundation of the panoramic image mosaicing, measurement, color generation of point cloud, and the other follow-up research and application.