论夜光遥感数据挖掘

如果从地球上空观测夜间的地球,可以发现人类聚居区和经济带发出夺目的光芒。当夜间的天空无云时,遥感卫星能够捕捉到城镇灯光、渔船灯光、火点等可见光辐射源,这些夜间无云条件下获取的地球可见光的影像即夜光遥感影像。与日间遥感不同,夜光遥感对于反映人类社会活动具有独特的能力,因此被广泛应用于社会经济领域的空间数据挖掘。本文首先介绍能够观测夜间灯光的卫星遥感观测平台和传感器,然后从社会经济参数估算、城市化监测与评估、重大事件评估、环境及健康效应研究、渔业信息提取、流行病研究、油气田监测等方面总结了夜光遥感数据挖掘的现状和特点。最后,文章从新型数据源、知识发现、地面观测和地理国情—世情监测4个方面提出了夜光遥感及其数据挖掘的未来发展趋势。

An Overview on Data Mining of Nighttime Light Remote Sensing

When observing the Earth from above at night,it is clear that the human settlement and major economic regions emit glorious l ight.At cloud-free nights,some remote sensing satel l ites can record visible radiance source,including city l ight,fishing boat l ight and fi re,and these nighttime cloud-free images are remotely sensed nighttime l ight images.Different from daytime remote sensing,nighttime l ight remote sensing provides a unique perspective on human social activities,thus it has been widely used for spatial data mining of socioeconomic domains.Historical ly,researches on nighttime l ight remote sensing mostly focus on urban land cover and urban expansion mapping using DMSP/OLS imagery,but the nighttime l ight images are not the unique remote sensing source to do these works.Through decades of development of nighttime l ight product,the nighttime l ight remote sensing appl ication has been extended to numerous interesting and scientific study domains such as econometrics,poverty estimation,l ight pol lution,fishery and armed confl ict.Among the appl ication cases,it is surprising to see the Gross Domestic Production (GDP)data can be corrected using the nighttime l ight data,and it is interesting to see mechanism of several diseases can be revealed by nighttime l ight images,whi le nighttime l ight are the unique remote sensing source to do the above works.As the nighttime l ight remote sensing has numerous appl ications,it is important to summarize the appl ication of nighttime l ight remote sensing and its data mining fields.This paper introduced major satel l ite platform and sensors for observing nighttime l ight at fi rst.Consequently, the paper summarized the progress of nighttime l ight remote sensing data mining in socioeconomic parameter estimation,urbanization monitoring,important event evaluation,envi ronmental and healthy effects,fishery dynamic mapping,epidemiological research and natural gas flaring monitoring.Final ly, future trends of nighttime l ight remote sensing and its data mining have been proposed from four aspects including new data source,knowledge discovery,in-situ observation,and national/global geographic conditions monitoring.