北斗天线电气相位中心偏差检验试验研究

为满足北斗双星定位系统精密定位、定向的工程需要,提出一种北斗天线电气相位中心常值偏差3维检验方法,并建立了相应的数学模型.该方法通过基线旋转、单天线旋转、交换天线,利用载波相位单差、基线长度、天线高差测量信息来估计天线电气相位中心偏差,并且在单天线旋转条件下对不同方向、不同天线间单差观测方程求差,以减少未知参数个数.最后,应用此模型检验一对北斗天线,检验结果表明,在单差均方差为0.005周,基线长度、天线间高差均方差为1 mm的条件下,天线间电气相位中心偏差水平分量的检验精度达0.3 mm.论文所述方法操作简单,适合在野外对北斗天线进行电气相位中心偏差检验.

Research on the Experiment for Calibrating of Beidou Antenna Phase Center Bias

In order to fully meet the requirements of Double-satellite Positioning System for precise positioning and orienting applications,the article presents a detailed model for calibrating the mean electrical phase center bias in three dimensions.By means of rotating the baseline,the single antenna and exchanging the antennas,the model uses information of the single difference of carrier phase,the length of baseline and the height difference between antennas to estimate the bias.Furthermore,differences between different direction and different observation equations,while rotating single antenna,are applied to reduce the number of parameters.Finally,the article conducts a series of test to check a pair of Beidou antennas,when the mean square error of carrier phase single difference is 0.005 cycles,the mean square error of the baseline length and the antenna height difference is 1mm.The result shows that the precision of antenna mean electrical phase center bias in level is 0.3mm.The calibrating method dissertated in this paper can be easily realized outdoor.