全球导航卫星系统反射测量(GNSS+R)最新进展与应用前景

全球导航卫星系统(GNSS)具有全天候、近实时、高精度的特点,可持续发射L波段信号,广泛应用于定位、导航和授时(PNT)。随着GNSS技术的发展,最近GNSS反射信号可探测地球表面特征,即GNSS反射测量(GNSS+R)。结合GNSS接收机天线位置和介质信息,利用延迟测量值可以确定表面粗糙度和表面特性。GNSS+R作为当前GNSS和遥感领域的研究热点,取得了一些研究进展和成果。本文详细介绍了GNSS+R原理和方法及其最新应用进展,包括各种GNSS+R技术手段和方法,以及海洋、陆地、水文、植被和冰雪等遥感应用,特别是最新BeiDou-R和TDS-1研究进展。最后给出了GNSS+R应用前景和展望,包括多GNSS系统、GNSS+R接收机、GNSS+R卫星计划和新兴应用等。

New Progress and Application Prospects of Global Navigation Satellite System Reflectometry (GNSS+R)

The Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) has the characteristics with all-weather, near real-time and high precision observations. It can transmit L band signals continuously, which has been widely used in positioning, navigation and timing (PNT). With the development of GNSS technology, recently GNSS reflected signals can be used to detect Earth's surface characteristics, i.e., GNSS reflectometry (GNSS+R). Combined with GNSS receiver antenna position and medium information, surface roughness and characteristics can be determined by using delay measurements. As a hotspot in GNSS and remote sensing field, GNSS+R has achieved a number of progress and results. In this paper, the principles and methods of GNSS+R are presented as well as their latest advances, including various techniques, methods and remote sensing applications in the ocean, land, hydrological, vegetation and ice and snow, especially the latest progresses in BeiDou-R and TDS-1 GNSS+R. Finally, the future applications and prospective of GNSS+R are given, including multi-GNSS system, new GNSS-R receivers, GNSS+R missions and emerging applications.