黄河中游大尺度植被冠层截留降水模拟与分析

大尺度植被冠层截留降水定量模拟与分析是揭示气候变化和人类活动综合作用下区域水沙变化机制的重要研究内容。以黄河中游河口镇—潼关区间为研究区，耦合遥感等空间数据与植被冠层截留估算模型，利用地面监测站点降水数据、GLASS叶面积指数遥感数据和地理信息空间分析技术，定量模拟和分析了黄河中游20 世纪80 年代以来3 个典型年份的地表植被冠层截留降水及其时空变化特征。结果表明：（1） 20 世纪80 年代以来,特别是20 世纪末实施的生态修复政策，使得黄河中游叶面积指数显著提高,植被覆盖明显改善；（2） 20 世纪80 年代以来，黄河中游植被冠层截留降水发生了明显变化，1984 年、1995 年和2010 年研究区植被冠层截留降水量区域年平均值分别为19.57 mm、13.66 mm和22.68 mm，截留率分别为3.24%、3.32%和4.92%；（3） 黄河中游植被冠层截留降水特征及其变化受降水特征和地表植被状况共同影响，其中，降水量是决定植被冠层截留降水特征的控制性因素，而叶面积指数年际变化是影响植被冠层截留降水特征变化的主要因素。

Simulation and analysis of vegetation interception at a large scale in the middle reaches of Yellow River

Quantitative simulation and analysis of vegetation canopy interception in a large scale is of great significance to reveal water-sediment changing mechanism under combined influences of climate change and human activities. Hekouzhen-Tongguan region in the middle reaches of the Yellow River was taken as the study area. Quantity of vegetation canopy interception in 1984, 1995 and 2010 were simulated by using models coupled with spatial data such as remote sensing data. The main data used in the study include precipitation data from weather stations and GLASS- LAI remote sensing data. Results show that vegetation coverage has increased since the 1980s, especially since the end of 1990s due to ecological restoration policy. And vegetation canopy interception has varied since the 1980s. The average yearly precipitation intercepted by canopy in 1984, 1995 and 2010 were 19.57 mm, 13.66 mm and 22.68 mm respectively, with the interception rate of 3.24%, 3.32% and 4.92% accordingly. It is found that vegetation canopy interception has been influenced by precipitation characteristics and vegetation synthetically in the study area, where precipitation plays a determinant factor. And LAI is the main factor affecting yearly vegetation interception variation since the 1980s.