当代地理学之人地相互作用研究的趋向——全球变化人类行为计划(IHDP)第六届开放会议透视

在扼要介绍了全球变化人类行为计划 (IHDP) 第六届开放会议主要内容的基础上,综合当前ESSP开展的主要研究项目、IHDP已实施的主要科学研究计划等,阐述了当代地理学之人地相互作用研究的主要领域和发展趋势。作者认为：人地系统除具有区域性和综合性特征外,还具有脆弱性、风险性、恢复性与适应性特征。当代地理学从地理要素与格局的综合研究转向现代地理过程的综合研究;从自然地理与人文地理的集成研究转向现代资源与环境的系统研究;从地理环境重建研究转向现代综合灾害风险管理研究;从地理格局与过程的动力学研究转向资源保障与区域安全系统仿真研究;从区域人地系统相互作用机制研究转向全球人地系统相互作用机制研究。

The Future of Human-Environment Interaction Research in Geography:Lessons from the 6th Open Meeting of IHDP

Based on a general introduction to the content of the 6th open meeting of IHDP, and an overview of the major projects and science plans of ESSP and IHDP, this paper discussed the future science issues and development priorities for human-environment research in Geography. Besides regional heterogeneity and holistic view, which have already been highly emphasized in Geography, the human-environment system also has vulnerability, risk, resilience and adaptability, which are newly discovered inherent features. These four features can modify, change or transform each other in certain spatial and temporal context. Because of these features, Geography, which takes the mechanism and process of the human-environment system as its congenital task, must redesign its research strategy to contribute to the global human-environment research community. The necessary strategic transformations for geographic research include: from element and pattern oriented to process oriented integrated research; from integrated research which combines physical geography and human geography to systematic research on resources and environment issues; from environment reconstruction to integrated disaster risk management research; from dynamics of pattern and process to systematic simulation of resources guarantee and regional security; from regional human-environment interaction mechanism research to global human-environment interaction mechanism research. This is a big challenge for Geography, and also a precious opportunity we could not bear to lose. We should learn from the strategies in the science plans for global environmental change of IHDP and IGBP, strengthen the understanding of dynamic and non-dynamic behaviors of the human-environment system, then solve the complex globalization, urbanization, resources, environment, ecology, disaster, risk and sustainable development problems we are facing through systematic and integrated research, which is a big advantage of Geography, and gradually approach a resource conserving and environment friendly society. Only in this way, could geographers contribute to the construction of a well off and harmonious society in China, the decision making of global sustainable development, and the bi-health of human and Earth.