中国集装箱港口体系的空间结构与竞争格局

集装箱港口体系的空间结构演化与竞争格局变动是一个问题的两个侧面,互为因果。作者对近10年中国沿海集装箱港口体系的空间结构演化与竞争格局变动进行定量测度。赫希曼-赫芬达尔指数(Hirshmann-Herfindahlindex)计算表明:集中化在整个港口体系空间结构演化中已经显现;但集中化过程在珠三角、长三角和环渤海三大港群内差异明显,且在不同时段上呈现出一定的波动。偏移-分享分析(shift-shareanalysis)显示:整个港口体系内的箱源偏移增长量一直很大,这既反映在3大港群之间,更反映在各港群内各港口之间;珠三角港群始终正偏移增长,环渤海港群一直负偏移增长,长三角港群先正偏移增长后负偏移增长;上海港在1995~1998年曾出现了一定程度的正偏移增长,但在其他两个时段则为负偏移增长;深圳、宁波2港始终正偏移增长,且偏移增长量相当可观。

The Spatial Structure and the Competition Pattern of the Container Port System of China

In this paper, two mathematic models are used to measure the spatial structure and the competition pattern of the coastal container port system of China from 1992 to 2001. Shift-share analyses reveal some characteristics for the competition pattern of the coastal container port system of China: (1) Both between (inter) and within (intra) the different port ranges, the net volumes of the shift effects are very notable. (2) In competition, the Pearl River Delta container port ranges are all along superiorior; the around the Bohai Sea container port range is throughout inferior; the Changjiang River Delta container port range is relatively complicated. (3) From 1995 to 1998, Shanghai was one of the major winners interms of total shift, but in the other two periods, it lost some TEU. (4) Shenzhen and Ningbo ports have been the major winners interms of total shift since 1992.