行政区划研究的地理学支撑与展望

行政区划研究一直是人文—经济地理学的重要研究领域,与政治地理学、历史地理学、城市地理学具有非常密切的关系。行政区划本身也是一种资源的新论断,对于重新认识和发挥行政区划在空间治理和优化区域发展格局的作用具有非常重要的意义。在回顾总结行政区划研究历史的基础上,梳理了行政区划研究的发展脉络,分析了新时期政区设置的背景和影响因素发生的重大变化,如城镇化进程改变了人口经济集聚的空间格局,自然地理格局对行政区划设置的影响日益减小,交通通讯条件的改善为扩大管理幅度创造了条件。结合空间治理的新需求提出了新时期的行政区划研究应把握3条主线,分别是优化和提高区域管理效率、预防和保障区域治理安全和推进政区精准精细化管理。从推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化出发,提出行政层级和管辖幅度的优化可以提高空间治理效率;缩小经济强省和面积大省的管辖幅度可以保障空间治理安全;合理的管辖幅度和基层政区的优化设置有助于加强空间治理的精准化和精细化。科学合理的行政区划调整可以让空间治理更好的发挥作用,为构建适合我国国情的空间治理体系提供基础支撑。

Geographical prospects of spatial governance through a review on administrative divisions

Administrative division research has become one of the most important parts in human-economic geography, which is closely related with studies on political geography, historical geography, and urban geography. The new argument that administrative division itself can be seen as a resource, which is of great significance to understanding and exerting the effect of administrative divisions in spatial governance and optimization of regional development pattern. Based on the review of the development of administrative division research, three predominant directions should be centered in the future research, that is, optimizing and enhancing regional management efficiency, protecting regional governance security and improving precision management of administrative regions. Starting from the modernization of national governance and governance capacity, the important research direction of administrative divisions was discussed in three points: (1) the optimization of managerial hierarchy and scope of jurisdiction can improve spatial governance efficiency; (2) dividing a large-scale and economically developed province into small part can guarantee spatial governance security; (3) reasonable scope of jurisdiction and establishment of grass-roots administrative divisions can enhance spatial governance precision. Appropriate adjustment of administrative divisions have helped to improve spatial governance, and provided a policy support for building a spatial governance system suitable to China's national conditions.