城市居民对大型活动影响的感知与态度模式——以首届中国国际进口博览会为例

大型活动是城市更新和区域经济发展的重要动力,对城市形象和城市经济具有极大的提升和促进作用。以2018年举办的首届中国国际进口博览会为案例,从居民感知的视角分析首届中国国际进口博览会举办过程中居民的社会交换关系,构建“对政府的信任”“未来结果考虑”“积极影响感知”“消极影响感知”“生活质量”和“支持态度”6个变量的关系模型,采用结构方程模型分析模型构建的合理性,验证了上海居民对首届中国国际进口博览会影响的感知及支持态度的影响因素,并探讨了生活质量在居民感知与支持态度之间的中介效应。结果表明：① 对政府的信任与未来结果考虑对居民感知与支持态度具有重要影响,即居民对政府的信任正向影响其对积极影响的感知及支持态度,负向影响居民的消极影响感知;居民的未来结果考虑也正向影响居民的积极影响感知与支持态度,负向影响居民的消极影响感知。② 居民的积极影响感知对生活质量感知和支持态度具有正向影响,居民的消极影响感知对支持态度具有负向影响,但未影响到居民的生活质量感知。③ 居民的生活质量感知在居民感知与支持态度间的中介效应未获得支持。本文对中国国际进口博览会持续健康发展、上海建设国际会展之都等具有一定的启示意义和参考价值。

Urban residents'perceptions and attitudes towards the impacts of mega-event:A case study of the first China International Import Expo

As a driving force of urban renewal and regional economic development, large-scale events can greatly promote the image and economy of the city. From the perspective of residents' perception, this study used the first China International Import Expo (CIIE) as a case to analyze the social exchange relationship. Based on the Social Exchange Theory, a relational model of "Government Trust", "Consideration of Future Consequences", "Perception of Positive Impacts", "Perception of Negative Impacts", "Quality of Life" and "Attitude towards the first CIIE" is constructed. And the structural equation model analysis was used to explore the rationality of the model construction, and to verify the influencing factors of residents' perceptions of the impacts of the first CIIE and their attitude, as well as the mediating role of quality of life between perception and attitude towards the first CIIE. The results of the study showed that: (1) Residents' trust on the government and consideration of future consequences have an important impact on residents' perception and their attitude. Residents' trust on the government has a significant positive effect on the residents' perception of positive impacts and their attitude, and a significant negative effect on the residents' perception of negative impacts. The relationship among consideration of future consequence, perception and attitude also shows this pattern. (2) Residents' perception of positive impacts has a positive effect on their perception of life quality and attitude; residents' perception of negative impacts has a significant negative effect on their attitude, but has no significant effect on their perception of life quality. (3) Quality of life does not show a significant mediating effect between residents' perception and their attitude. This paper has certain implications and reference values for the sustainable and healthy development of CIIE and the construction of Shanghai as a famous international exhibition city.