生态系统服务研究动态及地理学研究范式

生态系统服务是目前国际上相关研究热点之一.本文综述了国内外生态系统服务研究的进展、存在问题和发展趋势.在此基础上,针对目前生态系统服务研究生态学范式存在的问题,提出了地理学在此领域的研究范式和优先主题.研究认为,从地理学视角研究生态系统服务,应当以空间异质性和区域差异作为切入点,紧紧围绕生态系统结构与功能-生态系统服务-人类社会福祉这一主线,始终将"自然系统提供生态服务与社会经济系统内化消费"之间的耦合联系作为研究核心,综合集成分析社会经济系统对自然资本内化的响应.通过建构生态系统服务的地理学研究范式,不仅可以拓展生态系统服务研究的深度和广度,而且有助于提升自然和社会经济系统的集成分析水平,进而推动地理学综合研究进程.同时,也为地理学的核心命题--人地关系研究提供重要的实践领域.

The Research Trends of Ecosystem Services and the Paradigm in Geography

As studies on ecosystem services are becoming a hot spot among scientists, a research paradigm needs to be built in related discipline fields such as geography. This paper reviewed the progress, problems and trends of studies on ecosystem services at home and abroad. Furthermore, aiming at the topics and problems in current ecosystem service studies, we proposed a geographical paradigm and priority themes in this field. It is suggested that spatial heterogeneity and regional difference should be taken as entry points to study ecosystem services from geographical perspectives. Researches should be focused on the theme of ecosystem structure and function-ecosystem services-human well-being, and take the coupling connections between "ecosystem services offered by natural system and then internalized consumption of socioeconomic system" as the core research theme for comprehensive analysis of the response of socioeconomic system to the internalization of natural capital. We can promote integrated research on geographical sciences by constructing the geographical study paradigm of ecosystem service, which can not only expand the study capacity for ecosystem services, but also raise the level of comprehensive studies on social-ecological system. In addition, we should offer an important practical field for the study of human-land relationship, which is the core issue of geography.