自然资源调查监测技术体系构建的方向与任务

自然资源统一调查监测技术体系（简称《技术体系》）的构建与应用,是建立健全自然资源监管体制、推动资源集约节约利用、促进人与自然和谐共生的一项重要举措,也是一项内容众多、复杂艰巨的科技工程。本文根据自然资源统一调查监测的任务与要求,从调查监测信息过程的整体性特征和工程化业务实施的系统性特征出发,分析了《技术体系》构建所面临的基本问题,提出了基于整体性的《技术体系》的总体架构;继而以协同化数据感知、自动化信息处理、精细化场景管理、智能化知识服务等为主线,论述了《技术体系》的发展方向;然后根据先进性与适用性相结合的要求,分析了《技术体系》的数智化实现路径,提出了“空天地海网”一体化协同感知网络体系构建、信息自动处理平台研发、时空场景模型构建、自然资源时空知识服务系统研发、工程化技术重构等主要研发任务。为了切实地做好该技术体系的构建与推广应用,今后还应进一步加强战略需求分析,推动关键技术创新,促进跨学科交叉研究。

Building natural resources surveying and monitoring technological system: Direction and research agenda

Designing and building up the natural resources surveying and monitoring technological system (referred to as the "Technological System") is an important measure to establish and improve the natural resources management, promote the intensive and economical utilization of natural resources, and harmonize the coexistence between man and nature. It is a geo-science related research project with many complicated factors and challenging tasks. Following the mandates and requirement of the unified natural resources surveying and monitoring, the paper firstly analyzes the basic problems in designing and building up the "Technological System" from the holistic characteristics of the surveying and monitoring process and the systematic characteristics of its engineering implementation. A comprehensive overall framework of "Technological System" is resulted and discussed. Then the development direction of "Technological System" is proposed and analyzed, including the collaborative data sensing, automatic information processing, elaborative natural resource scene modeling and management, as well as intelligent knowledge service. Then the article discusses the digital-intelligent realization path of the "Technological System" to meet the advanced and practical requirement. It has led to the formulation of the future research agenda with five major research and development tasks, including the development of space-sir-ground-ocean-web collaborative sensing network system, construction of automatic information processing platform, spatio-temporal scene modeling of natural resources, development of spatio-temporal knowledge service of natural resources, and reconstruction of engineering technical flow. In the future, it is necessary to strengthen the strategic needs analysis, enhance key technologies innovation and promote interdisciplinary collaboration in order to effectively build up the "Technological System" and promote its operational application.