包兰铁路沙坡头段不同编制结构的枝条阻沙栅栏防护效应风洞模拟

对包兰铁路沙坡头段枝条阻沙栅栏流场结构进行风洞模拟试验。结果表明:气流在经过横向、竖向阻沙栅栏时均出现了明显的流速分区。气流在经过阻沙栅栏时速度会减弱,但是竖向枝条阻沙栅栏的综合阻风防沙效果明显优于横向阻沙栅栏,同时竖向枝条阻沙栅栏制作上具有工序简单、原材料广泛及不受枝条长度限制的特性,因此,在防沙治沙应用中,竖向枝条阻沙栅栏更适合推广。虽然孔隙度是阻沙栅栏设计的重要技术参数,但栅栏结构对风沙流场产生直接影响,是决定着其对风沙活动防护效应高低的关键因子。

Wind tunnel simulation experiment on the protective effect of different structures of sand-blocking fence in Shapotou section of Baotou-Lanzhou Railway

Based on the wind tunnel simulation test of the flow field structure of the sand-blocking fences in Shapotou section of Baotou-Lanzhou Railway, the article evaluates the sand-blocking effectiveness of sand-blocking fences with different weaving structures, in order to provide a basis for the optimization of the structure of biomass sand-blocking fences. The results show that there are obvious velocity zones when the airflow passes through the horizontal and vertical sand-blocking fences. No matter before or after the airflow passes through the sand-blocking fence, the wind speed decreases. However, the comprehensive effectiveness of windbreak and sand prevention brought by the vertical woven branch fences is significantly better than that by horizontal woven branch fences. In addition, the sand-blocking fences, which are vertically woven, have a simple production process, and a wide range of raw materials as well as the length of the branches is unlimited. Therefore, the vertical woven branch fence is more suitable for popularization in the application of sand prevention and control. Although porosity is an important technical parameter in the design of sand-blocking fences, the structure of fences has a direct impact on the sand flow field and is the key factor determining the protective effect on sand activities.