中国沙产业研究评述

沙产业是沙漠地区生态保护、经济发展和人民脱贫致富等多重目标结合的产物。经过30余年的理论研究和生产实践，已初步形成了比较完整的理论框架，但对其未来发展的研究仍存在很大分歧。汇总研究了沙产业概念自诞生至今的理论演进过程，发现早期沙产业理论多强调大农业属性，而随着地区产业结构的优化和沙产业项目的综合化发展，现已拓展至工业生产和服务业领域。沙产业的概括特征为：（1）生产活动主要发生在沙漠干旱地区；（2）使用高新科学技术是首要标志；（3）除农产品外，相关的工业和服务业产品也属于沙产业的产品；（4）要实现生态建设产业化、产业发展生态化，最终达到经济效益、生态效益、社会效益的协调。沙产业是实现沙漠治理的根本方法，是传统农业的重要补充，也是全球干旱化趋势下的重要应对方案。促进沙产业发展，对于沙漠地区经济发展、生态文明建设、人民福祉提高都具有重要意义。

Review on Deserticulture Research in China

The requirements of ecological protection, economic development, and poverty overcoming give rise to the progress of the deserticulture. After 30 years of research and practice, the fundamental theoretical framework of deserticulture has already formed, but the studies of its route are divergent. In this paper, theories of deserticulture have been summarized. It appears that most early deserticulture theories emphasized the large-scale agriculture attributes, but paid more attention to industry and service sector afterwards. Broadly speaking, the main traits of deserticulture are as follows:The deserticulture is the combination of industry and ecology, and the ultimate goal of it is the maximum of all economic benefits, ecological benefits as well as social benefits. Above all, deserticulture is the fundamental method of desertification control, the important supplement of traditional agriculture, and coping approach of global drought. Therefore, deserticulture is significant to the arid region development, the ecological civilization construction and well-being of people increase.