乌兰布和沙漠东北缘地温变化特征及其影响因子

基于内蒙古磴口荒漠生态系统国家定位观测研究站监测数据，分析2014年1—12月不同土层的地温数据及同期气象数据，进而阐明乌兰布和沙漠东北缘地温变化特征。结果表明：（1）乌兰布和沙漠地温及气温具有显著的日变化特征，气温最高值与最低值出现时刻相对巴丹吉林沙漠提前2 h，相对东部地区滞后1 h；地温与气温季节变化特征一致，各季节地温最值出现时刻相对气温滞后1 h；（2）地温变化速率随着土壤深度的增加而减小，在土壤深度达到70 cm以后，地温全年在0℃以上；低于0℃的5 cm地温持续时间约为4个月；（3）地温与空气温度、太阳辐射变化趋势一致，地温相对太阳辐射及气温明显滞后。相关分析与逐步回归表明，对地温变化起决定作用的环境因子为空气温度、蒸发量、太阳总辐射、风速、空气相对湿度、降水。

Characteristics of Soil Temperature Variation and Influence Factors at Northeastern Margin Region of Ulan Buh Desert,China

According to monitoring data of Inner Mongolia Dengkou Desert Ecosystem National Observation Research Station, the different depth soil temperature data and meteorological data in 2014 are analyzed to clarify the characteristics of soil temperature variation at northeast edge of Ulan Buh Desert. The results shows as follows:(1) The variation characteristics of soil temperature is consistent with air temperature at northeast edge of Ulan Buh Desert, while the appear time of highest and lowest air temperature is about 2 hours in advance comparing with the Badain Jaran Dessert and about 1 hour later comparing with eastern China. The change of soil temperature are identical to air temperature, and the soil temperature is about 1 hour later comparing with air temperature in each reason. (2) The change rate of soil temperature decreases with the increase of soil depth, and soil temperature keeps 0℃ when soil depth is below 70 cm in the whole year, and the duration time of 0℃ is about 4 months. (3) The variation tendency of soil temperature is consistent with air temperature and solar radiation, while the soil temperature lags obviously behind air temperature and effective solar radiation. The correlation analysis results revealed that the environmental factors affecting the variation of soil temperature are air temperature, evaporation, effective solar radiation, wind speed, air relative humidity and rainfall.