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青藏铁路沿线阻沙栅栏防护机理及其效应分析
引用本文:张克存,屈建军,牛清河,姚正毅,韩庆杰.青藏铁路沿线阻沙栅栏防护机理及其效应分析[J].中国沙漠,2011,31(1):16-20.
作者姓名:张克存  屈建军  牛清河  姚正毅  韩庆杰
作者单位:(中国科学院 寒区旱区环境与工程研究所 敦煌戈壁荒漠生态与环境研究站/沙漠与沙漠化重点实验室, 甘肃 兰州 730000)
基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(40701171,40930741); 中国科学院重要方向性创新项目(KZCX2-YW-329)共同资助
摘    要:对青藏铁路沿线阻沙栅栏的流场结构、阻沙效率进行风洞模拟实验,对沱沱河路段阻沙栅栏的野外积沙形态进行观测。结果显示,气流经过栅栏时有遇阻抬升、集流加速、减速沉降区和消散恢复区。在越过栅栏后形成两个减速恢复区和两个加速区,减速区分别距地表3 cm和20 cm处,加速区分别位于近地表和35 cm高度处。随来流风速的增加,栅栏前加速区起始范围向栅栏逼近,而栅栏后恢复区起点向远离栅栏方向发展。当气流越过栅栏后风速急剧降低,导致沙粒减速沉降。随进口风速的增加,栅栏间阻沙量和越过栅栏后输出沙量呈指数关系递增。铁路沿线采用的栅栏阻沙效率达80%以上,且随风速的增加呈线性关系递减。沱沱河路段阻沙栅栏西南侧以风蚀为主,最大风蚀深度达16\^7 cm,其余区域表现为积沙,最大积沙厚度达19\^9 cm。

关 键 词:青藏铁路  阻沙栅栏  流场结构  防护机理  
收稿时间:2010-2-3
修稿时间:2010-6-29

Protective Mechanism and Efficiency of Sand-blocking Fences along Qinghai-Tibet Railway
ZHANG Ke-cun,QU Jian-jun,NIU Qing-he,YAO Zheng-yi,HAN Qing-jie.Protective Mechanism and Efficiency of Sand-blocking Fences along Qinghai-Tibet Railway[J].Journal of Desert Research,2011,31(1):16-20.
Authors:ZHANG Ke-cun  QU Jian-jun  NIU Qing-he  YAO Zheng-yi  HAN Qing-jie
Institution:(Dunhuang Gobi and Desert Ecology and Environment Research Station/Key Laboratory of Desert and Desertification, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China)
Abstract:The flow fields,protective efficiency of sand-blocking fences are simulated in wind tunnel experiment,and the erosion or accumulation phenomena of fences along the Qinghai-Tibet Railway in the section of Tuotuohe River region are observed in situ.There exists blocked-rising,collected-accelerating,decreased-depositing and diffused-restoring regions when airflow traverses sand-blocking fences.Two decreased-restoring regions as well as two accelerating regions present behind the fences.The decreased-restoring ...
Keywords:Qinghai-Tibet Railway  sand-blocking fence  structure of flow field  protective mechanism  
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