包兰铁路沙坡头段防护体系研究综述

包兰铁路是中国第一条穿越沙漠的铁路，其中沙坡头段风沙危害最严重，防护体系对铁路的建设和安全运营至关重要。在综合分析相关文献的基础上，从研究区防沙措施及效果、防护体系结构特征、合理宽度设计等方面，总结了60余年来包兰铁路沙坡头段防护体系的研究成果，并指出防护体系当前存在的问题（生态环境脆弱，局部地段土壤水分条件恶化、人工固沙植被退化、防沙措施破损、风蚀“活化斑”现象严重等），据此提出了相应的对策建议及今后的研究重点，以期为防护体系的养护、完善及可持续管理提供科学参考。

Progress and prospect of research on the protective system of Shapotou section of the Baotou-Lanzhou Railway

The Baotou-Lanzhou Railway is the first railway in China to cross the desert， among which the Shapotou section suffered from the most severe aeolian sand hazard. The protective system is vital to the construction and safe run of this railway. Based on literature comprehensive analysis of the protective system of Shapotou section of the Baotou-Lanzhou Railway during the last 60 years， we summarized the research results from the sand-fixing measures and their efficiency， the structural characteristics of the protection system， and the design of reasonable width. At present， the ecological environment in this area is fragile， and there are some problems in part of the area， such as the deterioration of soil moisture conditions， the degradation of artificial sand-fixing vegetation， the damage of measures of sand drift control， and the extensive development of sandy patches caused by wind erosion. Finally， we proposed corresponding strategies and future research priorities， which could provide a scientific reference for the maintenance， improvement and sustainable management of the protective system.