塔克拉玛干沙漠中心的沙尘气溶胶观测研究

 沙尘气溶胶严重影响中国北方的空气质量，作为一种重要气溶胶并影响区域的辐射平衡。塔克拉玛干沙漠每年释放大量的沙尘气溶胶，而位于塔克拉玛干沙漠中心的塔中站，提供了对沙尘气溶胶的近距离观测。利用该站地面太阳光度计的观测数据分析了沙尘气溶胶的年变化特征，并分析了该站光学厚度、能见度、大气飘尘质量浓度（PM10）和大气总悬浮颗粒物浓度（TSP）之间的相关性。结果显示，气溶胶的440 nm光学厚度在春季最高、秋季最小，440 nm光学厚度与能见度呈现负幂函数关系，TSP与PM10呈现线形相关关系，PM10与能见度呈现负幂函数关系。

Observation on Sand-dust Aerosol in Center of Taklimakan Desert

Aerosol is the most uncertain factor in climate change study,and more observation and research worldwide pay much attention to its climate effect.Chinese meteorological administration builds China aerosol net(ChinaAeroNet),20 observation sites over northern China in order to monitor the sand-dust storm and answer the climate effect of Asian aerosol.Tazhong observation station locates in the center of Taklimakan desert,the second largest desert in the world,which emits a lot of sand-dust and even produces heavy sand-dust storm in spring,resulting in severe disaster.Tazhong station offers a chance to monitor sand-dust in a near distance.This paper analyzed annual variability of aerosol optical thickness(AOT) based on Cimel sun photometer data and further made a correlation analysis among AOT,visibility,mass concentration.The result indicates that the 440 nm AOT in spring is bigger than that in the other seasons.The aerosol mass concentration(PM10) has a negative power-function relationship with visibility,so does the 440 nm AOT and visibility.Whereas,the 440 nm AOT has linear relationship with PM10, which means that an increase of sand-dust concentration will result in an increase of 440 nm AOT.