中国北方春季起沙活动时间序列及其与气候要素的关系

 利用1961—2002年春季中国681个站沙尘天气的实测资料,将起沙机理相似的扬沙、沙尘暴通过并集运算进行复合,得到一个新的能体现完整起沙活动的时间序列。统计学检验表明,新序列较单一的沙尘暴序列具有诸多优点。进一步从681个站中筛选出代表性较好的中国北方175个站,探讨了春季起沙活动（DBS）时间序列与冷空气、大风、气温、降水等气候要素的关系。结果表明:①春季DBS与大风日数、冷空气次数的相关系数分别为0.946和0.406。②春季DBS与平均气温、最低气温、最高气温的相关系数分别为-0.494、-0.607和-0.269。③春季降水对DBS的影响主要取决于降水的强度和降水的时间分布,5 mm以上的降水才能有效地抑制DBS的发生。

Time Series of Spring Dust Emission and Its Correlative Climatic Factors in Northern China

Based on the spring sandy weather data from 681 meteorological stations in China during 1961-2002,time series of dust storm and blowing sand are recombined because of their similar mechanism,and a new series which can represent all of dust emission activities and has more merits are constructed.Furthermore,175 stations are selected as the representatives of the main region on discussing dust emission and its correlative climatic factors in spring(March to May) in northern China.The results show:(1) correlation coefficients between spring dust emission days and gale days,cold air frequency are 0.946 and 0.406 respectively;(2) correlation coefficients between spring dust emission days and mean,minimum and maximum temperature are 0.494,-0.607,and 0.269 respectively;(3) controls of precipitation on dust emission is decided by the precipitation intensity and temporal distribution,and only precipitation is higher than 5 mm can effectively suppress dust emission.