荒漠土壤微生物群落结构特征研究进展

荒漠生态系统占地球陆地面积三分之一,是地球化学循环中的重要部分。荒漠干旱高温、缺乏植被、UV辐射强,曾被认为是没有生命的地方。然而在这恶劣环境中却蕴含有大量的微生物资源,尤其是荒漠土壤富集了大量微生物。微生物参与和主导整个荒漠生态系统地球生物化学循环,对于调节重要生态过程、修复和稳定荒漠生态系统起到重要作用,对其的研究生态学意义突出。本文综述了国内外对荒漠土壤微生物群落结构特征、群落功能多样性以及微生物群落、微生物与植物、微生物与环境之间相互关系的研究现状,旨在充分了解荒漠土壤微生物多样性研究,总结对荒漠微生物生态认识的不足,为荒漠微生物生态研究方向提供参考。

Advances in the Study of Microbial Ecology in Desert Soil

The desert ecosystem accounts for a third of the earth's land area, and is a vital part of the biogeochemical cycle. Because of the bad environmental condition in the desert including extreme drought, lack of vegetation, strong UV radiation, deserts used to be considered lifeless, however there are a lot of microbial resources in this harsh environment especially in the desert soil which enriched with a large number of microbes. These microorganisms involve in the whole earth biochemical circulation of desert ecosystem, adjust the important ecological processes and play an important role in the restoration and stability of the desert ecosystem, its research is of ecological significance. With the development of molecular biological technique, molecular biological technique are revealed. In this paper, the structure characteristics, functionality of desert soil microbial community and the relationships between microbial community, microorganism and plant, microorganism and environment are reviewed. Aim to further understand the desert soil microorganism and to summarize the deficiency of ecological understanding of desert microorganism, provide reference for the ecological research direction of desert microorganism.