积雪覆盖度对沙尘暴的影响分析

 采用遥感监测内蒙古中西部地区积雪覆盖度数据以及地面气象观测站1961—2005年沙尘天气观测资料，以沙尘暴、扬沙发生日数为定量指标，分析了内蒙古中西部地区积雪覆盖度与沙尘暴、扬沙发生日数的关系。研究结果表明，在内蒙古中西部地区，积雪覆盖度与沙尘天气的发生有负相关关系，但地表积雪覆盖对沙尘暴的抑制作用要小于对扬沙的抑制作用，这种负相关关系在1—3月较11—12月更为显著。积雪覆盖度决定了积雪的影响范围，而积雪日数则决定了这种影响持续的时间，综合考虑这两种因素，构建了积雪指数用以反映积雪的这种空间和时间的共同作用。积雪指数能较好地反映积雪日数与积雪覆盖度对沙尘天气的综合作用。

Impact of Snow Cover on Sand and Dust Storm

Abstract: By using remote sensing data and meteorological observation data and technology of GIS and RS, the characters of snow cover and sand-dust storm were obtained and calculated. Taking sand-dust storm days, blowing dust days and snow cover percentage as indexes, an analysis on the relationship between sand-dust storm days and snow cover percentage in early spring and winter in Midwestern Inner Mongolia is performed. The result shows that in this area: There is a negative interrelation between sand-dust storm days and snow cover percentage, which varies due to the different season. The negative interrelation between sand-dust storm days and snow cover percentage during Jan. to Mar. is more remarkable than that during Nov. to Dec. The inhibiting impact of snow cover on blowing dust is stronger than that on sand-dust storm. The snow coverage degree reflects the influencing extent of snow cover and the snow covering days reflects its lasting duration. These two snow cover indices on time-space aspects can well reflect the integrated impact of snow cover on sand-dust storm.