塔克拉玛干沙漠塔中与巴丹吉林沙漠拐子湖地表辐射特征对比

利用塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地塔中和巴丹吉林沙漠北缘拐子湖两个陆气通量监测站2013年2月-2014年1月地面辐射观测数据及相应气象资料，对比分析塔中和拐子湖两地的太阳辐射通量和地表反照率差异特征，同时也探究了两地太阳辐射通量和地表反照率与太阳高度角之间的关系。结果表明：（1）塔中和拐子湖两地各辐射通量均呈较为同步的季节变化特征；具有太阳辐射优势的塔中地区因沙尘天气的影响在部分月份地表总辐射小于拐子湖地区；拐子湖由于地表沙粒相对较粗且包含大量透明度较高的石英颗粒，地表反照率和反射辐射均大于塔中地区；两地各辐射通量月平均日变化均呈现出标准倒"U"型结构；（2）拐子湖较粗的地表沙粒导致沙尘天气过后不易形成浮尘，沙尘天气过后各辐射通量恢复至发生之前的状态较塔中地区迅速；（3）两地太阳高度角夏季最大，冬季最小，最大值均可达75°左右，最小值塔中和拐子湖地区分别为45°和40°；各辐射通量随着太阳高度角的升高而增加，地表反照率随之减小，但受多种因素影响各辐射通量最大值并未出现在太阳高度角最大的时候。

Comparative Analyses on Surface Radiation Characteristic in Tazhong of the Taklamakan Desert and Guaizihu Lake of the Badain Jaran Desert

In this paper, using the land radiation observation data and corresponding meteorological data of two land-gas flux monitoring stations in Tazhong and Guaizihu Lake from February 2013 to January 2014, the author compared the characteristics of solar radiation flux and surface albedo in Tazhong and Guaizihu lake and explored the relationship between solar radiation flux, surface albedo and solar altitude angle. The results show that:(1)The surface radiation flux in Tazhong and the Guaizihu Lake showed variational characteristic that synchronize with season. The total surface radiation in Tazhong, which have the advantage of solar radiation, is less than that of the Guaizihu Lake in several months, due to the influence of sand-dust weather.The sand particle in Guaizihu Lake is relatively thicker and contains a large amount of quartz grains with high transparency, and the surface albedo in Guaizihu Lake is larger than in Tazhong. The diurnal variation of surface radiation flux presents inverted "U" curve in both places. (2)The sand particle in Guaizihu Lake is so thick that the dust is not easily suspended after sandstorms. As a result, the radiation flux recovers more quickly after sandstorms in Guaizihu Lake than in Tazhong. (3)The solar altitude angle in the two places is the largest in summer and the minimum in winter, the maximum value is 75°, and the minimum value is 45° and 40° in Tazhong and Guaizihu Lake, respectively. The radiation flux increases with the solar altitude angle, surface albedo also decreases, but affected by a variety of factors the maximum radiation flux does not appear at the largest solar altitude angle.