干旱区山盆体系物质能量及信息的耦合关系——以塔里木盆地周边山地系统为例

塔里木盆地与周边的天山、昆仑山等山地构成了干旱区典型的山盆体系，山地系统的地质地貌特征，热量、气候与水文以及植被与土壤等的特殊性，决定了其物质循环、能量转化和信息传递的过程和方式，也决定了山地系统的宏观生态景观格局。山地为盆地提供了丰富的粒状物质，它们是绿洲土壤重要的成土母质；同时，山地向盆地输送了大量地表水和地下水，从而决定了天然绿洲的规模及范围，影响了人工绿洲的发展潜力，也造就了干旱区绿洲与荒漠既相互矛盾，又协调共生的宏观格局。在全球变化的背景之下，从山地系统内部及其与荒漠系统和绿洲系统之间物质流、能量流及信息流的相关性出发，掌握山地系统的变化特征及演变趋势，利用现代科学技术的成就，探索西部干旱区山地系统的可持续发展之路。

Coupling Relation among Substance and Energy as well as Information in Mountain-Basin System in Arid Zone -Taking Mountainous System around Tarim Basin as an Example

The system consisted of Tarim Basin and mountains including Tianshan and Kunlun is a typical mountain-basin system in arid zone. Processing and model of substance circulation, energy conversion and information transmission is decided by some factors in the system which include geomorphologic features and particularity of caloricity, climate and hydrology as well as vegetation and soil, etc. In addition, which also decide macroscopical landscape pattern in the mountainous system. Mountainous area provides rich saccharoid for basin, which is important parent material of oasis soil formation. Meanwhile, surface water and groundwater are transferred from mountainous area to the basin, which decide macroscopical pattern of natural oasis. Under the background of global changes, the sustainable development way should be explored by some new ideas in mountainous area in arid zone. That is to say, it should be taken consideration to correlation among substance, energy and information. At the same time, depending on some achievements of modern science and technology, moreover, variation characteristics and evolution tendency of mountainous system ought to be mastered.