宁波市城市化发展对区域生态系统服务价值的影响

采用城市化综合水平测度模型、生态系统服务价值评价模型及Pearson相关分析方法,在GIS技术支持下,以宁波市1991—2014年城市化相关数据和土地利用变更调查成果为基础数据,定量评价和分析区域城市化发展水平、生态系统服务价值以及二者之间的关系。结果表明:(1)宁波市各项城市化指数均呈逐渐递增趋势,城市化发展进程呈阶段化特征。快速城市化水平驱动区域经济高速发展,同时导致建设用地面积大幅度增加。(2)宁波市生态系统服务价值总体变化呈先增后减趋势,各县(市、区)生态系统服务价值空间分布差异显著,区域城市化水平越高其所贡献的生态系统服务价值越低。(3)当前城市化发展水平与生态系统服务价值演变之间呈显著负相关,经济城市化和土地城市化对生态系统服务功能产生的负面影响较为显著。快速城市化引起区域土地利用的剧烈变化,导致生态景观格局转变,城市人口集聚与工业化导致过度消耗资源与废物排放,对生态系统服务功能产生负面影响。建议提高宁波市城市化发展质量,注重与经济和社会的协同发展。

Effects of Urbanization on Ecosystem Services Value in Ningbo City

Based on the urbanization-related data and land use change survey results of Ningbo City, with mod-els of urbanization measurement, ecosystem service value evaluation and Pearson correlation analysis, under the sup-port of GIS technology, quantitative evaluation and analysis of regional urbanization development level, ecosystem service value and the correlation between them. The urbanization index in Ningbo City is gradually increasing, and the urbanization development process is characterized by stages. The rapid urbanization level drives the regional econ-omy to develop at high speed, and at the same time leads to a large increase in construction land area. The change of total ecosystem service value in Ningbo was first increased and then decreased, the spatial distribution of ecosystem service value significantly different, the higher the level of its contribution to regional urban ecosystems the lower the value of service. There is a significant negative correlation between the level of urbanization development and the evolution of ecosystem services value. The negative effects of economic urbanization and land urbanization on eco-system services are significant. Rapid urbanization caused dramatic changes in regional land use, resulting in chan-ges in ecological landscape patterns, urban population concentration and industrialization led to excessive consump-tion of resources and waste emissions, the negative impact on ecosystem services, the proposals are put forward to increase the quality of urban development in Ningbo in order to improve economic and social development.