就业郊区化背景下郊区就业者日常活动时空间特征研究——以北京上地地区为例

个体日常活动时空间特征反映了其对城市空间利用的时空需求,是衡量社会服务、公共资源配置的新维度。基于个体行为分析郊区就业者日常生活时空间特征,有利于透视郊区就业者的空间需求以及就业郊区化带来的城市空间变革。利用2012年北京市活动出行调查数据,选取居住在北京郊区且在上地地区(郊区)工作的203个就业者样本,从非汇总角度对该群体日常活动时空间特征进行描述分析,揭示郊区就业者日常活动的时空需求。研究结果发现,郊区就业者在休息日的活动呈现较强的时间碎片化与空间分散性特征;郊区就业者对中心城区存在较强的空间依赖,很大一部分休闲购物活动需要前往中心城区发生,同时郊区大型商业设施也一定程度上吸引了郊区就业者,郊区功能趋向复合化;郊区就业空间职能较为单一,公共和商业设施供给不足,利用率较低,需进一步完善。

Spatial-temporal Figures of Suburban Workers'Daily Activities from the Perspective of Employment Suburbanization:Case of Shangdi Area in Beijing City

The limited supply of shopping,leisure and transportation facilities in suburban areas are faced with great mismatch with the fast-growing demand of suburban workers. However,the spatial-temporal demands of suburban workers are often overlooked by researchers and planners. The study employs the data of 2012 activity-travel survey in Beijing,and the samples include 203 workers in Shangdi who live in suburban area. By combining urban social geography,time geography,and using methods of statistics and space-time GIS,this paper describes the spatial-temporal figures of workers'daily activities,and analyze their demands under employment suburbaniza-tion. The suburban workers work longer with more regularity. Due to the strong restriction by work,their non-work activities happen closer to the working places on work days,but take place far from both homes and working places on weekends. The findings confirm that urban sprawl structure of Beijing is still dominated by inner city and that suburban employment and supporting facilities greatly lags behind the industrial development.