基于社会属性的北京市居民群体空间自相关分析

以北京市各街道居民为调查研究对象,利用问卷调查数据,使用因子生态分析和空间自相关分析技术,将被调查人群综合性地分为五类,即低潜力差现状型人群、高潜力差现状型人群、高潜力中现状型人群、中潜力中现状型人群和高潜力优现状型人群。通过对不同类人群的总体和局部空间自相关分析,得出结论:居民群体空间聚集现象明显。其中低潜力差现状型人群在通州、黑庄户等街道聚集,高潜力差现状型人群在以东直门街道为圆心的一个扇形区域聚集,中潜力中现状型人群多居住于中心城区,高潜力中现状型人群多在天通苑、四季青一带和南苑街道附近聚集,高潜力优现状型人群主要聚集在四季青至永定路街道的区域。

A spatial autocorrelation analysis of the residents' living distribution by groups in Beijing based on their social characteristics

On the background of continued expansion and population growth of Beijing, the distribution of people's spatial living is becoming more and more important and gets increased emphasis by researchers. Based on the large-scale survey in 2005, this study used the method of ecological factor analysis and spatial autocorrelation analysis to give the spatial living distribution of different groups of residents in eight districts and the suburbs of five representative regions including a total of 134 communities. Using the ways of Principal Component Analysis and Cluster Analysis, the thesis tries to identify all the residents' characteristics into two main integrated factors, which are the level of potential for the future and the level of existing standard of living. Then the paper divides all the residents into five groups with those factors, i.e., the groups of low-potential and poor-status persons (type I), high-potential and poor-status persons (type II), high-potential and medium-status persons (type III), medium-potential and medium-status persons (type IV) and high-potential and excellent-status persons (type V). By using spatial autocorrelation analysis, the paper reveals that the groups of types II, IV and V people have the most significant living aggregation from the view of global spatial autocorrelation. From the view of local spatial autocorrelation, the article finds that the groups of types I and II people obviously cluster to the eastern and northeastern parts of the city. The group of type I has the largest proportion in the communities of Heizhuanghu, Tongzhou and Dougezhuang. The group of type II is concentrated in a fan-shaped region with Dongzhimen Street as the center. Most people of type IV live in the inner city. The groups of types V and III people are scattered, and settled mostly in Tiantongyuan and Sijiqing.