多维邻近性对区域创新合作网络形成的影响——基于江浙沪医学科研机构的实证

本文以Web of Science数据库的合著论文信息为基础构建江浙沪区域医学科研机构合作网络,采用计量分析与半结构化访谈相结合的方式从宏观和微观层面考察多维邻近性（地理邻近性、制度邻近性、社会邻近性、认知邻近性和文化邻近性）对该区域医学领域创新合作网络形成的影响,并进一步讨论了地理邻近性和非地理邻近性之间的交互效应（替代效应或互补效应）。综合定量与定性分析结果,研究发现：① 地理邻近性、制度邻近性、社会邻近性和认知邻近性对该区域医学创新合作网络的形成有促进作用,而文化邻近性的作用不显著;② 地理邻近性与制度邻近性之间存在替代效应;③ 地理邻近性与社会邻近性、认知邻近性之间均存在互补效应;④ 地理邻近性与文化邻近性之间不存在显著的交互效应。

The impact of multidimensional proximity on the formation of regional innovative collaboration network: A case study of medical science institutions in the Jiangsu-Zhejiang-Shanghai region

Innovation is acknowledged as the main driving force of the sustained growth of regions. In the literature on innovation geography, multidimensional proximity has become an important proposition that helps to understand the structures, processes, and mechanisms of regional innovation and the formation of innovation networks. However, many studies focus on the independent effect of different types of proximity on regional innovation, and much less attention has been paid to their joint effect. Moreover, in terms of methodology, studies on proximity have been dominated by quantitative approach on macro level, and very few cases can be found with in-depth qualitative approach on micro level. Based on the co-publication data from the Web of Science database, the study constructs an interorganizational collaboration network of medical sciences in the Jiangsu-Zhejiang-Shanghai (JZS) region. With combined approaches of quantitative and qualitative methods, the study explores the impacts of, and joint effects (substitutional and complementary effects) between geographical proximity and non-geographical proximity (institutional, social, cognitive and cultural proximity) on the formation of the collaboration networks in this field of the region from both macro and micro perspectives. First, we use the method of the MRQAP regression to quantitatively examine the independent and joint effects of geographical and non-geographical proximity on the formation of scientific collaboration network of the medical sciences in the region. Second, we conduct semi-structured interviews with four selected interorganizational collaborative groups in the region to reveal how these different types of proximity affect the motivation of collaborations. The results of both quantitative and qualitative analyses support each other and show that (1) each form of proximity has a positive impact on regional knowledge collaboration with the exception of cultural proximity. (2) Geographical and institutional proximity can be substituted in their influence on the formation of regional knowledge collaboration network. (3) The relations between geographical and social/cognitive proximity are complementary. (4) There is no significant joint effect between geographical and cultural proximity. This study not only examines the relations between multidimensional proximity and the formation of innovation networks by quantitative methods, but also explains why such interrelations exist through qualitative approach.