关于气候的概念及气候学与地理学的关系问题

本文包括以下内容:(1)从气候概念的历史源流、感性基础、气候与天气的关系及气候与地理的关系、气候形成过程五个方面论述了人类对气候认识的发展情况。(2)把现代气候的概念总结为:统计气候学、天气气候学、地理气候学和动力气候学四个方面。(3)在批判流行多年的鲁宾施晋和特洛兹多夫气候定义的基础上提出气候的新定义,即气候是宏观的大气物理过程。(4)明确指出气候学不是地理学的部门学科,它们在科学分类中是并列的。

ON THE CONCEPT OF CLIMATE AND THE RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN CLIMATOLOGY AND GEOGRAPHY

This paper has the following contents.(1) Discussing the development of man's knowledge about climate from five aspects, the concept of Climate-origin of history, perceptual knowledge, relatinships between climate and weather or between climate and geography and the climate-forming process;(2) Summarizing the concept of climatology and dividing it into four field——statistical climatology, synoptic climatology, geographical climatology and dynamical climatology;(3) on the basis of criticizing the long prevailing definition suggested by E.C. and advancing a new definition of climate- "Climate is a macroscopic atmospheric physical process";(4) Unequivocally pointing out that "climatology" is not a branch of geography, but is juxtaposed with it in the classification of science.