新型城镇化背景下的古村镇保护与旅游发展路径选择——以萱洲古镇为例

新型城镇化和乡村振兴过程中如何处理好古村镇保护与发展的矛盾,是当前面临的重要问题。新型城镇化不是“去乡村化”,而是要在“记得住乡愁”的理念下,加强对整体文化生态的保护,传承历史文脉和地方文化基因,创建历史与现实融合、文化与生态映辉的舒适、温馨、宜居的新型家园。城镇化建设难免对古村镇保护带来一定的负面影响,但只要注重古村镇的整体性保护、原真性保护和地方文化基因保护,就一定能够留住乡愁,传承文脉。在体现“保护优先”原则下的古村镇旅游发展,不仅可以因地制宜地解决当地农民利用本土资源就近就业创业的问题,而且能推动古村镇及其周边地区的新型城镇化进程。基于新型城镇化的古村镇旅游地规划可以在“景观信息链”理论的框架下有序进行,真正体现古村镇文化基因的挖掘和彰显。传统乡村旅游吸引物不外乎“村、景、人、物”四大要素,共同组合成有地方特色的村落景观,湖南萱洲古镇的保护与旅游规划就是典型的例子。适应信息化和智能化社会发展趋势,开展古村镇的三维虚拟景观呈现（VR）,推动新型文旅产业——网络虚拟旅游产业的崛起,是未来的发展方向。

The protection and tourism development path of ancient villages and old towns under the background of new-type urbanization: A case study of old town of Xuanzhou in Hunan province

How to deal with the contradiction between the protection and development of ancient villages and towns in the process of new-type urbanization and rural revitalization is an important issue at present. The new-type urbanization is not "de-ruralization", but to strengthen the protection of the whole cultural ecology, inherit the historical context and the local cultural genes, and establish a new home which is comfortable, warm and livable in the history and the ecology, under the concept of "remembering the nostalgia". Urbanization has produced some negative effects on the protection of ancient villages and towns, but as long as we pay more attention to the protection of the ancient villages and towns, the protection of the original authenticity and the protection of the local culture, we can retain the nostalgia and inherit the context. The tourism development of ancient village and town under the principle of "protection priority" can not only solve local farmers' employment and entrepreneurship by use of local resources, but also promote the new-type urbanization process in ancient villages and towns and their surrounding areas. The tourist destination planning based on the new-type urbanization can be carried out in an orderly way under the framework of the "landscape information chain" theory, which truly embodies the excavation and display of the cultural genes of ancient villages and towns. The traditional rural tourism attraction is composed of "village, scenery, man and thing", a village landscape with local characteristics. The protection and tourism planning of the old town of Xuanzhou in Hunan province is a typical example. It is the future direction to adapt to the trend of information and intelligent social development, to carry out the three-dimensional virtual landscape of ancient villages and towns (VR), and to promote the new tourism industry - the rise of the network virtual tourism industry.