南昌城市社会区研究——基于第五次人口普查数据的分析

中国城市社会区分异的研究起步较晚,现有的研究成果基本都是讨论计划经济体制向市场经济体制转轨初期的城市社会区分异现象。本文以南昌市为例,利用分街道第五次人口普查数据,运用因子生态学的方法,对改革开放20年后社会主义市场经济体制作用下的城市社会区进行研究。研究结果显示,住房状况、文化与职业状况、家庭状况和外来人口状况是南昌城市社会区分异的主要影响因子,其中家庭状况因子的空间分布呈现出同心圆模式和扇形模式的复合特征,其他因子的空间分布则具有扇形模式的特征。根据主因子的分布情况,南昌城市社会区可以划分为七类,社会区的空间分布形成一种同心圆和扇形的复合结构。

Analysis of the urban social areas in Nanchang: Analysis of the data based on the Fifth National Population Census

The study on urban social areas began rather late in China. Yu Wei firstly introduced the concept of urban social areas in 1986. Then Chinese scholars carried out researches in the cities of Guangzhou, Beijing, Xi'an and so on, which mostly discussed the characters of urban social spaces at the beginning of the shift from planned economic system to market economic system. Along with the strengthening of market economic function, great changes have taken place in the characters of urban social areas. Taking Nanchang as an example, the thesis researched the differentiations of urban social areas in the new era. Based on the data of the Fifth National Population Census at the subdistrict (jiedao) level in Nanchang, the research used the method of factor ecological analysis, which had four steps: constructing data matrix, analyzing data twice by factor analysis, describing the spatial characters of factors and compartmentalizing urban social areas. Through the factorial ecological analysis, the thesis found that differentiations of social areas were taking place in Nanchang. Factor analysis revealed four factors that underlay the social spatial structure in Nanchang: (1) housing conditions as the dominant factor displaying a sectoral pattern, (2) educational and professional status featuring a sectoral pattern, (3) family status exhibiting a combination of sectoral and zonal patterns, and (4) floating population resembling a sectoral pattern. Superimposing the four factors generated a complex urban mosaic in Nanchang. Cluster analysis was used to classify the subdistricts into seven different social areas. The differentiations of urban social areas displayed a combination of sectoral and zonal patterns.