中国省际水资源绿色效率空间关联网络研究

本文从群组前沿的角度出发,将中国31个省（市、自治区）分为东中西三大群组,在不同的技术前沿面下利用SBM模型对各省（市、自治区）的水资源绿色效率进行测度,并利用VAR格兰杰因果检验方法将水资源绿色效率“属性数据”转化为“关系数据”,在此基础上利用社会网络分析（SNA）方法对中国水资源绿色效率的空间关联网络特征进行研究。结果表明：① 中国水资源绿色效率区域差异显著,总体表现为中部>东部>西部的特征。② 没有一个地区独立于水资源绿色效率空间关联网络之外,网络整体具有较强的稳定性;个体特征表明,东部地区以溢出效应为主,处于“引领者”地位,而西部地区以接收其他地区的溢出关系为主,在网络结构中处于边缘位置。③ 块模型分析表明,北京、天津等10个地区为“净溢出”板块;青海、新疆等8个地区为“净受益”板块;河北、重庆等6个地区为“双向溢出”板块;河南、陕西等7个地区为“经纪人”板块。研究结果为中国各地区水资源绿色效率的提高及协调发展提供了建议。

Spatial correlation network of water resources green efficiency between provinces of China

In recent years, China's economic development has maintained rapid growth, and the demand for water resources is also increasing day by day. However, shortage of water resources and inefficient use of water have become an obstacle to the sustainable development of China's social economy. The research on spatial correlation network characteristics of China's water resources green efficiency can lay a foundation for optimizing the overall spatial pattern of China's water resources green efficiency and realizing the cross-regional synergistic promotion of it. Therefore, from the perspective of Group Frontier, this paper divides 31 provincial-level regions in China into three groups: eastern, central and western. It uses SBM model to measure the green efficiency of water resources in different areas, and uses VAR Granger causality test to transform "attribute data" of water resources green efficiency into "relational data". On this basis, the spatial correlation network characteristics of water resources green efficiency in China are studied by means of social network analysis. The results show that the regional differences in China's water resources green efficiency are significant, and the overall performance is characterized by central > eastern > western region. The spatial correlation of the water resources green efficiency of between provinces of China presents a more complex network structure, all regions are in the spatial correlation network of water resources green efficiency, and the network overall has the strong stability. The individual characteristics show that the eastern region is dominated by spillover effect, which plays a role of "engine" in the optimization of national water resources green efficiency, while the western region is dominated by the spillover from other regions, which is in the edge position in the network structure. Block model analysis shows that there are 10 provinces in "net overflow" plate such as Beijing and Tianjin, and 8 in "net benefit" plate such as Qinghai and Xinjiang, and 6 provinces in "two-way overflow" plate such as Hebei and Chongqing, and 7 in "brokers" such as Henan and Shaanxi. The results provide suggestions for the improvement of water resources green efficiency and the coordinated development in different regions of China.