湖南传统村镇感应空间规划研究

长期以来,国际规划界只注重村镇的功能规划,而忽视其感应空间的规划。根据感应与行为地理学的理论,一定的感应空间影响着一定空间中的人的行为。在自给自足的小农社会背景下形成的中国大批传统村镇,其感应空间仍然带有浓厚的封建、封闭、保守、内向等文化特点,远不能适应改革开放形势下市场经济的灵活、进取、外向等要求。文章以湖南省传统村镇为例,探讨了湖南张谷英村、德夯村等传统村镇感应空间的特点及其现代规划的原则和方法。

A research on the planning of perceptional space of traditional villages and small towns in Hunan in the opening situation

For a long time the function planning has been emphasized but the perceptional space planning ingored for cities and villages and small towns in the planning circle. According to the theory of perceptional and behavior geography, a certain perceptional space influences the behavior of the people who live in it. With feudal, conservative and introversion, the numerous traditional Chinese villages and small towns, based on the small-scale peasant economy under the self-contained and self-sufficient society, can not fit in with the needs of the socialist market economy which is flexible, enterprising and opening. The perceptional space of the traditional village and small town in Hunan has a general character. It backs on a certain space scope with some center buildings (clan hall, temple, etc.) and a core place (large tree, public square, etc.) as its psychological field center and thus forms a psychological-life space which is strongly characterized by clan culture and small-scale peasant economy. And this space exerts a subtle influence on the village's idea and behavior by way of interaction. Under the situation of the reform and opening the planning of the traditional village and small town in Hunan should beet the development of the socialist market economy, the construction of the socialist material and spiritual civilizations, and the direction of the people's initiative and progress. Therefore it is expected to: (1) strengthen the principal position of the center building in the perceptional space and form a new cohesive space; (2) further embody the spirit of ground, and enrich the harmonious and intimate communication space; (3) Create an all-out opening perceptional space which oversteps its own village and town and thus come to a comprehensive connection of economy and culture with outside; (4) maintain the local feature and a close relationship between the perceptional space and modern life. In this paper, the Zhangguing Village in Yueyang and the Dehang Village in Jishou city, with the former lying in northern Hunan and the latter in west Hunan, are selected for a concrete analysis and research in order to illustrate how to realize a new planning of perceptional space in the opening situation.