我国城市居民直接能耗的碳排放类型及影响因素

针对我国287个地级以上城市,在测算了近9年居民直接能耗导致的CO₂排放量的基础上,进行聚类、对比,并分析城市居民直接能耗的碳排放影响因素,得到以下结论:全国分为6类城市居民直接能耗碳排放类型;高碳排放型城市的地均碳排放强度、人均工资碳排放强度及居民直接能耗CO₂排放总量等方面均比低碳排放型城市高,人均地方生产总值碳排放强度低于低碳排放型城市,并多为经济发达城市和资源丰富城市,其碳排放构成上分别以电、交通能耗碳排放和气碳排放为主导,高碳排放型城市居民直接能耗CO₂排放量占全国地级以上城市的86.20%。我国大部分地级城市居民直接能耗的碳排放属于相对低碳排放型,其人均CO₂排放量低于全国平均水平。城市所在地的降温度日数(CDD)、采暖期、采暖强度、人均能源供给量、居民的人均工资、城市人均地方生产总值是影响城市居民直接能耗CO₂排放量的主要因素。

Urban types and impact factors on carbon emissions from direct energy consumption of residents in China

A total of 287 prefectural-level cities in China were classified into 6 categories based on the calculation of CO2 emissions per capita,the quantity and composition of CO2 emissions from residents’ direct energy consumption.The result shows that CO2 emissions per capita,CO2 emissions intensity per area,CO2 emissions intensity per capita wage,and CO2 emissions from residents’ direct energy consumption in the high-carbon emission cities are higher than those in the low-carbon emission cities,and that CO2 emissions intensity of GDP per capita of the residents in the high-carbon emission cities are lower than those in the low-carbon emission cities.The high-carbon emission cities are mostly developed and resource-based cities.The major composition of CO2 emissions in high-carbon emission cities are power consumption and transportation.CO2 emissions from direct energy consumption of the residents in high-carbon emission cities has 86.20% of the total CO2 emissions from direct energy consumption of the residents in Chinese 287 prefectural-level cities in 2008.Most of them are low-carbon emission cities.The average quantity of CO2 emissions from direct energy consumption of the residents in low-carbon emission cities is lower than that in high-carbon emission cities.The city’s CDD,the heating period,the intensity of heating,the quantity of energy supply per capita,the prices of energy,GDP per capita,and wages per capita are the main influencing factors.GDP per capita and wages per capita have great impact on the quantity of CO2 emissions per capita from power consumption and transportation.CDD influences the quantity of CO2 emissions due to power consuming for cooling in summer while the heating period and the intensity of heating influence the quantity of CO2 emissions due to that for heating in winter.There is linear relationship between the quantity of CO2 emissions per capita due to gas consumption and quantity of energy supply per capita.There is a binary linear relationship between heating period and GDP per capita of the city and the quantity of CO2 emissions from central heating.