重盐化咸水区人工生态系统稳定性研究*

北丘浅层咸水盐碱洼地是黄淮海平原河间浅平洼地的一种类型,是旱涝碱咸薄多种矛盾最集中、最典型的地区.盐渍化导致大片土地长期荒芜,分布在洼地南部的万亩试验区内的盐碱荒地面积达4076亩,耕层含盐量在0.6%以上,除盐荒地外,已耕地为含盐量0.2-0.4%的中低产田.1987-1990年采用引淡淋盐、覆盖抑盐、浅群井抽咸、混林农业和培肥改土等技术措施,按照土壤含盐量程度进行分区治理,五年期间治理开发盐碱荒地3650亩,试区内人均增加耕地1.45亩.1993年新开发的盐碱荒地粮食作物亩产已达到550kg,试验田亩产已达1000kg,中低产田已向高产农田转变.经过治理,北丘洼的农业生产条件已得到改善,一个荒芜盐碱的生态景观正转向良性循环的生态系统.

A STUDY ON THE ECO-STABILTY IN THE SALINE GROUNDWATER REGION UNDER THE MAN-CONTROLLED CONDITIONS

Beiqiu Shallow Depression affected by saline water is a typical interfluvial lowland in the Huang-Huai-Hai plain,China.It has some hazards such as drought,waterlogging and especially salinization which has resuIted in the long time deterioration of soils.The total saline area in the south part of the Experimental Zone is about 4076mu,where the salinity of plough horizon is over 0.6%.In the experimental zone,excluding solonchaks,there are low and medium productive soils with the salt content of 0.2-0.4%.During 1987-1990,an array of methods such as leaching salts with fresh water,mulching to control the salt rise,pumping saline groundwater from wells,farming mixed with forest and fertilizing were used to improve the Experimental Zone,3650mu of solonchaks were ameliorated and the cultivated area was increased by 1.45mu percapita in the Experimental Zone during the five years.In 1993 the crop yield on the lately ameliorated farmland was 550kg/mu;the yield on the experimental field achieved 1000kg/mu,Low and medium arable lands have been transformed into high productiveones.By harnessing the agricultural conditions have been greatly improved.