星球绅士化理论前沿及其对中国城乡治理的启示

绅士化已经成为全球城乡发展研究的前沿问题。探究绅士化的理论及其对中国城乡治理的启示,对贯彻落实新型城镇化和乡村振兴的国家战略具有重要意义。通过理论分析和案例比较可见,星球绅士化突破了传统绅士化研究的本体论、认识论和方法论,全球北方与全球南方的差异凸显了中国绅士化研究的价值。结合中国独特的城乡关系、央地关系及其多尺度交互作用,可进行星球绅士化的理论创新。未来中国城乡治理应重视治理模式转型、区域战略转型和城乡关系转型,全球经验、区域差异、城乡融合是治理现代化转型的关键点。对绅士化现象须采取批判性的价值论立场,关注城乡中低收入者权利,为维护空间正义和实现共同富裕做出积极贡献。中国绅士化研究需要加强与国际的对话与对接,并提供本土化经验。

The forefront of planetary gentrification theory and its enlightenment to Chinese rural-urban governance

Gentrification has become the frontier of the transformation of rural-urban social space worldwide. Loretta Lees pointed out that gentrification has become the experienced/experiencing process of global urban (re)development and named it as “planetary gentrification”. It breaks the dualism and Anglo-American lens of traditional gentrification studies, and re-discusses the polycentric relations between the global and the local, core and periphery based on the comparative urbanism. In the context of China's new-type urbanization and rural revitalization, the flow of social wealth and the division of social classes provide vertical impetus for gentrification, while the evolution of rural-urban relations provides horizontal tension. China's socialist system and land ownership system will expand the richness of international gentrification research. Thus, it is of great significance to explore gentrification phenomenon and its governance. Based on the theoretical review and case comparison, the planetary gentrification has made a great breakthrough in ontology, epistemology and methodology of traditional gentrification research. Differences between the global North and the global South have increased the scope of gentrification research and the possibility of theoretical innovation. On the one hand, the planetary gentrification theory compares and summarizes the general trend of gentrification research in the world, especially the particularity of gentrification processes in the Global South. On the other hand, it combines the epistemological turn of urban studies to place gentrification research in the larger narrative of global urban and rural transformation. Meanwhile, there are still some limitations in the planetary gentrification theory. It is necessary to investigate the complexity of gentrification processes in China and other Global South countries. Planetary gentrification has good theoretical applicability in the Chinese context. The rise of the new urban middle class in China, the large-scale gentrification process and the multi-scalar interaction of urban and rural space consistent with the planetary gentrification. In the future, we can carry out localized innovation based on the unique rural-urban relations, central-local relations and the multi-scalar interactions in China. In the context of planetary gentrification, attentions should be paid to the transformation of governance mode, regional strategy and rural-urban relations on China's rural-urban governance in the future. Global experience, regional differences and rural-urban integration are the key points for the modernization of governance. Researchers should take a critical axiological stance on gentrification itself, and make contributions to maintaining spatial justice and realizing common prosperity. Paying attention to the planetary gentrification theory will help research of gentrification in China better connect with the international research and provide non-Western experience.