祁连山区季节性积雪资源的气候分析*

本文采用1986年10月至1988年9月NOAA—9、10两颗卫星的AVHRR资料标准化后反演的积雪参量,对照祈连山区26个气象站1951—1988年逐日雪深、雪密度和积雪日数的资科,修正卫星反演的平均值。得到高分辨率多年平均雪深和雪盖频率的空间分布。从而估算出各流域平均雪储量,并与降雪量和春季融雪径流作对此分析。

CLIMATICAL ANALYSIS OF SEASONAL SNOW RESOURCES IN QILIAN MT.

This study is based on data of daity depth and density of snow cover and snow days recorded at 28 meteorological observing stations from 1951 to 1988 in Qilian Mt. region and snow cover parameters retrievals from ANHRR during October 1986 to June 1988. The space distributions, seasonal and annual variations of days, Maen depth, cumulative daily depth and density of snow cover have been analyzed and snow water resources have been estimated. In all of Qilian Mt. region the mean annual amount of snowfall is 160.5×10⁸m³, whereas the mean spring(April to May) snow water storage and snowmelt runoff (late-March to early-June)are estimated to be 17.5×18⁸m³ and 12.5×18⁸m³, respectively. They account for 10.9% and 7.8% of the mean annual snowfall, respectively. It is indicated that consumptions of evaporations and infiltrations make up 92% of the annual amount of snowfall.