1990年以来4个时期四川省湿地的面积、景见旨数及其变化

以1990年、2000年、2010年和2015年的Landsat TM/ETM+/OLI影像为数据源,在遥感和地理信息系统技术的支持下,研究了4个时期四川省湿地的面积、景观指数及其变化。研究结果表明,与1990年相比,2015年四川省的湿地总面积减少了29 744.84 hm^2,其中,沼泽湿地面积减少了63 619.19 hm^2,河流湿地面积减少了27 742.60 hm^2;人工湿地面积增加了63 249.19 hm^2;四川省的湿地主要分布在川西北高原湿地区,最主要的湿地类型是沼泽湿地。随着时间的推移,4个时期四川省的湿地斑块数量、斑块密度和香农多样性指数在波动增大,而最大斑块指数在波动减小,面积加权平均斑块分维数变化不大;四川省的湿地向斑块破碎化、形状规则化和类型多样化方向发展。

Areas,Landscape Indexes of Wetlands in Sichuan Province for 4 Periods since 1990 and Their Changes

Based on the Landsat TM/ETM+/OLI images in 1990, 2000, 2010 and 2015, and with the support of remote sensing and geographic information system technology, this study analyzed the areas, landscape indexes of the wetlands in Sichuan province for 4 periods and their changes. The results showed that the total wetland areas decreased by 29 744.84 ha from 1990 to 2015. Among various types of the wetlands, the area of mire wetlands decreased by 63 619.19 ha, the area of river wetlands decreased by 27 742.60 ha, and area of constructed wetlands increased by 63 249.19 ha. The wetlands were mainly distributed in the Northwest of Sichuan province, and the main type of wetlands was mire. During the 4 periods, the number and density of patch and the shannon diversity index of the wetlands were fluctuant increasing, while the largest patch index was fluctuant decreasing, and the area-weighted mean patch fractal dimension changed little. The wetlands in Sichuan province were developing in the direction of patch fragmentation, regular shape, and diversified types.