洞庭湖湿地生态系统服务价值评估与生态恢复对策

为了评估洞庭湖湿地生态服务价值,提出生态恢复对策,运用市场价值法、影子工程法、碳税法、替代费用法等方法评估其生态服务价值,基于评估结果和恢复生态学原理,提出其生态恢复对策系统。研究结果表明,洞庭湖湿地生态服务价值多样且巨大,尤以生产性价值、调蓄洪水的价值、净化水质和维持生物多样性的价值最为显著。因此洞庭湖湿地管理策略,应以洞庭湖湿地生态恢复为首要任务,以发展适应湿地生态环境的产业群和促进经济与生态良性循环为目标,外生态恢复和内生态恢复有机统一,以保障洞庭湖湿地的生态服务功能。

Evaluation on Ecosystem Service Value of Dongting Lake Wetland and Ecological Restoration Countermeasures

To evaluate the ecological service value of Dongting Lake wetland and put forward the ecological restoration countermeasures.The market value method,shadow engineering approach,carbon tax method and alternative expenses method were used to evaluate the ecological service value of Dongting Lake wetland,the system of ecological restoration countermeasures was put forward based on the evaluation results and principle of restoration ecology.Research results showed that Dongting Lake wetland was of the huge and multiple ecological services value,especiamly in product-producing value,adjusted and stored the flood value.In order to manage the Dongting Lake wetland well,it must be the guided by the theory and principle of restoration ecology,first task is restoring the ecological function,the target is developing the wetland industrial group which is accommodated to the wetland ecological environment and accelerating the fine cycle of economy and ecology,and the measures is the perfect unite of the outer ecological restoration and the inner ecological restoration.So as to increase the ecological services value and realize sustainable development of Dongting Lake wetland.The restoration of functions of adjusting and storing the flood and maintenance of biology diversity must be strengthened according to the priority principle.Water resources engineering and biological controling technique are used in the restoration of the former function,habitat renewal and habitat mitigation and natural protection area construction are the measures of restoration of the latter function.The product-producing function should be excavated adequately according to the sustainable use principle.The main methods are to design landscape ecology,construct the wetland industrial group which is accommodated to the wetland ecological environment etc.The other functions are restored by the environmental protection keeping to the principle of sustainable development and benefit.