计算模式驱动下GIS体系结构的发展分析

计算模式是信息时代特有的解决问题的方法范式,它综合反映了信息科学的理论、软件与硬件等因素在解决实际问题中相互作用的形式,是与相应阶段主流信息技术相对应的信息系统体系结构的规律模式或构筑范式。该文分析了计算模式驱动下GIS的体系结构从单机模式、局域网模式、广域网模式(WebGIS)到网格模式(GridGIS)的发展过程,指出单机、局域网和广域网模式本质上都具有集中封闭的性质,不同程度地存在着理论、技术、物理、功能和逻辑思维等五大边缘,是典型的空间信息孤岛。网格计算模式是一种彻底的分布式计算模式,GIS的网格模式直接打破了传统模式的技术、物理、功能和逻辑思维限制,并面向理论边缘的解决,具有开放、均质、扁平的结构性质,升格为空间信息网格基础设施。

Analysis on GIS Architecture Development Driven by the Computing Models

Computing model is unique to the information age of the solution paradigm,which reflects the science of information theory,software and hardware,and other factors in the solution of practical problems in the form of interaction.By studying the development and trend of GIS architecture driven by the computing models,this paper points out that the traditional GIS models,which includes Single Host-computer GIS,LAN GIS and WebGIS,all have the property of the concentrated closing essentially,all exist the limits to varying degree of theoretical,technical,physical,functional and logical thinking,and are the typical isolated islands of spatial information.The main reason is the traditional distributed computing models,such as C/S model and B/S model,do not have a thorough nature of distributed computing.But the Grid computing model is a kind of real and complete distributed computing model,and it almost breaks all constraints of traditional GIS models.So the GridGIS has the structural nature of open,homogeneous and flat,and will be upgraded to the spatial data infrastructure:the Spatial Information Grid.