旅游活动对洞穴环境的影响及洞穴的自净能力研究——以重庆雪玉洞为例

洞穴空气中的CO₂对洞穴次生化学沉积物的沉积和溶蚀有重要的影响。文中基于2010-09-30―10-08对重庆雪玉洞洞穴CO₂浓度、温湿度进行的为期8d的连续监测,并结合"十一"黄金周期间的客流量进行综合分析。结果发现:（1）受旅游活动的影响,洞穴内空气CO₂浓度有明显的累积效应;温度变化幅度加大,但没有累积效应;由于地下河和滴水的影响,洞内空气相对湿度一直处于过饱和状态,这是温度没有形成累积效应的一个重要原因。（2）由于洞内外温差的影响,洞口处会形成由洞内向洞外流动的气流,使得近洞口处的空气CO₂浓度、温度变化幅度很大。（3）受洞内外气流和地下河的影响,洞穴对空气CO₂具有一定的自净能力。

Impacts of Tourism Activities on Cave Environments and Self-purification Ability of the Cave: A Case Study of Xueyu Cave, Chongqing

The CO₂ in the cave air makes notable impacts on the deposition and dissolution of speleothems.In order to analyze the impacts of tourism activities on cave environments,and the cave self-purification ability,the CO₂ concentration,temperature and humidity in the cave air and tourists population were monitored continuously from September 30^th to October 8^th,2010.The result shows that CO₂ concentration in the cave air had an obviously cumulative effect that was impacted by the tourism activities.Affected by the underground river and dripping water,the air humidity in the cave was supersaturated,leading the air temperature in the cave not to show cumulative effects.Due to influence of difference temperature between inside and outside the cave,the air flowed from inside to outside at the entrance of the cave where CO₂ concentration and temperature changes dramatically.With the help of the underground river and air flow,the cave had certain self-purification ability for CO₂.