句法视角下广州市沙湾古镇空间形态的时空演化

以广州市番禺区沙湾古镇为研究对象，基于空间句法理论轴线模型对2002、2008、2017年3个年份的城市形态进行建模分析。结果表明：1）从沙湾古镇整体形态看，古镇经历了由“单核内聚”到“轴带生长”，再到“发散蔓延”的3个发展阶段，古镇核心不断扩大，形态趋于完善；2）古镇空间形态外拓方向和集成核中心的扩展方向一致，古镇新商业中心转移与空间形态演变呈同步性；3）古镇集成核与商业中心发展不同步的现象，与现代城市的正交网格形态以及传统古镇相对密集复杂的空间肌理有关。文章揭示了快速城市化过程中的传统村落空间形态的发展规律，并提出未来古镇的空间设计应适当遵循空间同构、合理规划交通道路、理性控制旅游开发，从而保护与延续古镇原有的空间特质的建议，为传统村落新空间设计，继承与重构空间发展结构和秩序提供有益借鉴。

Spatio-Temporal Evolution of Shawan Ancient Town in Guangzhou from the Perspective of Spatial Syntax

Against the background of the construction of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, the development of ancient towns is faced with new challenges, such as the expansion of urban scale, the weakening of traditional cultural values, the lack of continuity between new and old urban areas, and the inconsistent pattern of old urban areas. This research takes the Shawan Ancient Town, Panyu District, Guangzhou City, as its research object and conducts a spatial syntactic analysis of urban morphology in 2002, 2008, and 2017, based on the axis model. The research shows that: 1) Shawan Ancient Town has experienced three stages of development in terms of overall shape, from "single nucleus cohesion" to "axis growth" and then to "divergence and spread." The town's core has been expanding and its shape has been perfected. 2) The direction of expansion of the ancient town's spatial form is consistent with expansion in the direction of the integrated nuclear center, with which the town's new business is in line. The central transfer is synchronized with the evolution of the spatial form. 3) The phenomenon that the integration core of ancient towns and the development of commercial centers are out of sync is related to modern cities' orthogonal grid form and traditional ancient towns' relatively dense and complex spatial texture. This study reveals the law of development of the traditional village spatial form in the process of rapid urbanization and provides a useful reference for the traditional village's new spatial design and the inheritance and reconstruction of the spatial development structure and order. Finally, the research proposes the following suggestions for the spatial protection of ancient towns: 1) The development of ancient towns should extract the spatial rhythm from the traditional space and follow similar rules to update and develop the town, so as to protect the sense of scale and the traditional daily living space. 2) Good traffic planning can ensure that the original space is only minimally affected. At the same time, the use of transit rail to connect the ancient towns old and new districts can improve continuity between the spaces and ensure efficient operation. 3) Demonstrating the need for the rational control of tourism development., Shawan Ancient Town is in the stage of high tourism development, which makes residents' living space overlap with tourists' visiting space, often resulting in the occupation and destruction of the original settlement space to meet the needs of "others." As a characteristic element of traditional ancient towns, their protection and continuation need to be respected during tourism development. Planning should fully analyze ancient towns' spatial rules and development needs to avoid excessive transformation of the space due to commercial development and the timely restoration of some places worth preserving" if applicable..