季风与地形对台湾降水的影响

本文以季风环流的季节变化及地形两大因子对台湾降水的影响进行了研究分析，结果显示：东北季风和地形共同影响，造成冬半年台湾东北部多雨和西南部干旱；夏半年由于受西南季风的影响，出现了岛西部降水略多于岛东部的现象，且由于西南季风的影响，缓解了西南部干旱．台湾地形对降水的影响居全国之冠，海拔高度每上升100m，年降水量递增值都大于100mm，海拔500mm左右的低层递增率更是高达266．5mm／100m．

THE EFFECTS OF MONSOONS AND LANDFORM ON RAINFALL IN TAIWAN

Taiwan covers an area of about 36 000 square kilometers, of which two-thirds aremountainous and hilly regions, where there are 62 mountain Peaks of over three thousand metersin altitude. Taiwan is one of the regions which have the most abundant precipitation in China, aswell as in the world. The centres of rain fields with annual precipitation more than 5000 mm aredistributed on the windward sides of the mountain ranges in northeastern and southwestern Partsof Taiwan Island. In the winter half of the year, the plentiful rains in the northeastern part andthe brought in the southwestern Pact are Caused by the joint effect of northeast monsoon andlandform. In the summer half, the rainfall in the western Part of the island is slightly more thanthat in the easthern one at the same latitude. The southwest monsoon rainfall in summmer has themajor contribution to alleviating the drought in the southwest of the island. The altitudinalincrease rate of annual rainfall is rather high, more than 100mm Per 100 meters.