新疆大风集中程度时空特征分析

基于2003—2017年新疆64个气象站点大风资料，以累积大风天数、连续大风天数、大风集中期和集中度为指标，探究该区大风天数的集中程度时空特征。研究表明：（1） 新疆年内大风天气主要集中在4~7月，连续大风天数主要以1~3 d为主。（2） 近15 a来，大风天气发生频率逐渐减少，频次越高递减幅度越大，但有趋向冬季、极端发展的趋势。（3） 空间尺度上，大风天气主要集中在北疆和东疆，而连续3 d以上大风天气主要集中在山谷地区。（4） 2003—2017年新疆地区年内大风天气分布总体在逐渐集中，集中期在逐渐提前。（5） 南疆和北疆西部以及东疆中东部年内大风天气分布较为分散，南疆南部和北部较为集中。（6） 南疆东南、北疆北部和东疆东北大风天气年内集中时段相对较早，南疆西北、东疆西部相对较迟。（7） 新疆地区大风集中度和集中期具有明显的聚集现象，高高聚集区域位于南疆南部和中部，低低聚集区域位于北疆和东疆的北部。

Spatio-temporal analysis of gale concentration in Xinjiang

Based on gale data collected at 64 meteorological stations in Xinjiang,China between 2003 and 2017,the spatio-temporal characteristics of the concentration of gale days were studied by considering cumulative gale days,continuous gale days,gale concentration periods,and gale concentration degree as indicators.The results show as follows:(1) gale weather mainly occurs from April to July in Xinjiang,and the number of continuous gale days is usually 1-3 days.(2) In the past 15 years,the frequency of occurrence of gale weather has decreased gradually; the higher the frequency,the greater the decreasing range,but there is a trend towards extreme development in winter.(3) Gale weather is mainly concentrated in Northern and Eastern Xinjiang,and periods of more than three consecutive days of gale weather are mostly noted in the valleys of Northern Xinjiang.(4) The spatial distribution of gale weather in Xinjiang has gradually concentrated from 2003 to 2017,and the concentration period has also gradually advanced.(5) Gale weather is more scattered in the western part of Southern Xinjiang,the western part of Northern Xinjiang,and the central and eastern parts of Eastern Xinjiang,whereas the southern and northern parts of Southern Xinjiang are characterized by more concentrated gale weather.(6) Gale weather occurs relatively early in the southeast of Southern Xinjiang,the north of Northern Xinjiang and the northeast of Eastern Xinjiang,whereas gales occur relatively late in the northwest of Southern Xinjiang and west of Eastern Xinjiang.(7) The wind concentration degree and concentration period in Xinjiang exhibits an obvious aggregation phenomenon.The areas with the highest concentration are located in the south and middle of Southern Xinjiang,whereas areas with lower concentration are located in north and east Xinjiang.