伊犁河流域林业生态建设基地淡灰钙土土壤特征研究

在伊犁河流域林业生态建设基地,随机挖土壤剖面11个,依照土壤发生层分层取样,同时观察其颜色、结构、干湿度、松紧度、孔隙大小及植物根系的分布等生态特征,以此来鉴别土壤质地、土壤发育状况,并测定土壤中的盐分和养分。分0~10 cm、10~20 cm、20~30 cm、30~40 cm共4层取样,测定土壤容重,并分别在灌水前及灌水后不同日期测定了土壤含水量。实验结果表明:在伊犁河流域林业生态建设基地淡灰钙土土壤剖面发育微弱;含盐量低;有机质含量平均只有0.80%,全N、全P含量较少,全K含量较高,速效N、速效P含量较低,速效K含量较高;0~10 cm和10~20 cm的土壤容重分别为1.35~1.62 g/cm3和1.36~1.50 g/cm3之间。灌水后土壤含水量普遍都有所提高,其中0~10 cm土层土壤含水量比灌水前增加了59.31%,10~20 cm、20~30cm和30~40 cm土层的土壤含水量分别比灌水前增加了37.74%、27.29%和6.36%。

The Soil Characteristic of the Light Slerozem of the land of the Forestry Ecology in YILI River Basin

According to the method of random sampling, eleven soil profiles were dug, at the same time, observed its color, structure, aridity and humidity, tightness, the size of the porosity, the distribution of the root, so that d ifferentiated the soil texture, and tested the soil salinity and nutrient, soil bulk density. We divided the soil profiles into 4 layers, 0 - 10 cm, 10 - 20 cm, 20 - 30 cm, 30 - 40 cm, tested the soil bulk density, meanwhile the soil moister co ntent was tested before and after irrigation. The results showed that the development of the soil profile was weak, the soil salinity content was low, the average content of the organic matter was only 0.80%, the content of the soil total N , total P were lower, total K was higher, and the content of readily available N and P were low. The soil bulk density were 1.35 - 1.62 g/cm^3 at the layer of 0 - 10 cm and 1.36 - 1.50 g/cm^3 at 10 - 20 cm. After irrigation, the soil moister content increased commonly, and the one of the soil layer ranging from 0 to 10 c m increased by 59.31%. For the soil layer ranging from 10 cm to 20 cm, 20 cm to 30 cm, 30 cm to 40 cm, the soil moister content increased by 37.74%, 27.29%, and 6.36%, respectively.