基于遥感数据的伊宁市城市扩展及其驱动力分析

以新疆伊犁哈萨克自治州直属市-伊宁市为例，以1990-2015年的 Landsat TM/ETM+/OLI遥感影像为数据来源，采用最大似然法提取土地利用信息，通过城市用地扩展的变化分析、城市土地利用的动态度分析、城市用地的转移特征分析、转移矩阵特征分析、土地利用变化率分析、单一土地利用动态度分析等方法，对伊宁市城市信息和城市扩展及其驱动力进行回归分析和相关性分析。结果表明：（1）1990-2015年间建设用地扩展速率和扩展强度的变化趋势基本一致，最大值分别为7.85%、18.64%，出现在2000-2005年间。（2）研究期间建设用地重心总体上向西北方向转移2 087.79 m。（3）建设用地扩展空间主要来自于耕地、未利用地、林地。（4）经济发展、人口增长是伊宁市建设用地扩展的主要驱动因子，两个因素的相关性达到0.988和0.996。本项研究成果为更准确、更快捷地掌握伊宁市城市扩展变化的规律、合理布局城市改造及其未来发展方向提供客观的科学依据。

Expansion of urban area and its driving forces of Yining City based on remote sense data

The "One belt,one road" strategy has made the western China region,including Xinjiang,the frontlines,key hubs and important nodes along the Silk Road Economic Belt which has brought unprecedented opportunities for Xinjiang development.As a western border of Xinjiang,the Yining City is certainly capitalizing on this opportunity.In this study,based on the Landsat TM/ETM+/OLI satellite remote sensing images of Yining City in 1990,1996,2000,2005,2010 and 2015 respectively,the LUCC data on the construction land,cultivated land,forest land,water body and unused land was retrieved using the maximum likelihood method.The correlation between the urban expansion and its driving forces of Yining City was further studied by using regression analysis with the generated land transfer matrix,land use change rate and dynamics of single land use type.The results showed that,during the period from 1990 to 2015,there was a notable acceleration in the construction land expansion in Yining City while the cultivated land and unused land were gradually decreased.The increased areas for the construction land were mainly converted from the cultivated land and unused land.The main driving forces were the quickly increased population in the city and the land demand resulted from the increase of the investment and the local economy.