风沙活动区工程线路走向与风沙危害程度的关系--以塔里木沙漠公路为例

在风沙活动区，公路或铁路等工程线路的走向无疑会对其本身及防护体系所受的风沙危害程度产生影响。本文以塔里木沙漠公路为例，提出在将风况与公路走向结合起来考虑的同时，以风沙活动强度垂直分量的转化率作为评价公路走向的一种数学方法，并用该方法对沙漠公路不同路段走向进行评价与说明。

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE ALIGNMENT OF ROUTES AND DEGREES OF WIND-SAND HAZARD IN THE DRIFTING-SAND REGION --A Case Study of Tarim Desert Highway

The route alignment of communication lines and the wind situation in the drifting sand regions influence the degree of wind sand hazard. A case study of Tarim Desert Highway is carried out, the results show that the degree of wind sand hunder the same climatic conditions , which reveals that the highway alignment has a strong influence to the degree of wind sand hazard. The relationship between the alignment of routes and the degree of wind sand hazard can not be simply judged by the prevailing direction of wind (the moving direction of dunes).On the one hand, the influence of route alignment to degree of wind sand hazard can not be correctly judged by the angle between route alignment and prevailing direction of wind in multi directional area because of the offsetting effect of opposite direction wind. On the other hand, the angle can illustrate the hazard of moving dunes to the routes only, but can not judge the degree of sand flown hazard. Based on the consideration of wind situation with the alignment of the Tarim Desert Highway, in this paper, the conversion rate of vertical component of wind sand active intensity is regarded as the basis to judge the influence of the highway alignment to the degree of wind sand hazard. The calculated results show that the overall alignment of the highway through QuaternaryRelief land morphologic unit of the Middle Tarim Basin is disadvantageous for forming wind sand disasters; that through Tarim River Fluvial plain ,Paleo lacustrine Plain of the North Tarim Basin and Niya Dry Delta(Northern Minfeng Uplift is contained) morphologic units are advantageous for forming wind sand disasters,and the influence of alignment of the highway through Yatongus dry delta is moderate.