全域旅游背景下吉林省旅游业−经济−社会−生态环境协调性研究

以全域旅游为研究视角，借助对比分析确定吉林省旅游业?经济?社会?生态环境间协调性在中国的地位，运用障碍度诊断法分析影响协调发展的主要因素。研究发现，中国全域旅游省域间旅游业?经济?社会?生态环境协调水平差异显著，由东部沿海向中部、西北部梯度递减；与全国平均水平相比，吉林省经济和社会发展水平较为落后，旅游业系统发展水平略低，生态环境系统略高，系统间协调性处于全国中下游水平；旅游业系统和经济系统对协调发展的障碍度较大，生态环境系统最小，人口增长率、GDP增长率、国内旅游收入、旅游总收入和A级景区数量是阻碍吉林省旅游业?经济?社会?生态环境协调发展的主要因素。

Coordination Degree Among the Tourism-Economy-Society-Ecology System of Jilin Province Under the Background of All-for-one Tourism

All-for-one tourism is an idea which centers on tourism to boost industrial development, improvement of the urban and rural, residents' well-being, and environmental protection. As a novel concept and pattern of synthesized development within a specific region, all-for-one tourism highlights the match of tourism with economy, society, and ecosystem. Therefore, how to manage the match is an important question for local governments and academia. The research on the tourism-economy-society-ecology system coordination helps evaluate the infrastructure to promote all-for-one tourism in China, enrich the literature on all-for-one tourism, and achieve a balance between tourism, economy, society, and ecosystem. Jilin Province has the most (i.e., 15) exemplars of all-for-one tourist attractions on the list consisting of 262 all-for-one tourism attractions recognized by the Ministry of Culture and Tourism of the People's Republic of China. The great number indicates the hope of Chinese government on tourism industry of Jilin Province. Meantime, Jilin Province showcases great determinations to develop all-for-one tourism and formulates the policy of ‘All-for-one tourism navigates all-for-one Jilin’. Because of both external and internal factors, local government and stakeholders in Jilin have paid plenty of attention to all-for-one tourism. Therefore, Jilin is an appropriate and representative setting to investigate all-for-one tourism. This study takes a lens of all-for-one tourism and applies contrastive analysis to identify status of tourism-economy-society-ecology system of Jilin Province in the entire China. In addition, the present study uses obstacle diagnosis method to examine the system and determinants of all-for-one tourism. The results show that the infrastructure of all-for-one tourism in China is insufficient, and the degree of coordination of tourism-economy-society-ecology system varies significantly across provinces. Specifically, the degree of coordination decreases gradually from the southeast to the northwest. The economical development, societal development, and the tourism system of Jilin is below the national average, and the ecosystem is slightly above the national average. More importantly, the coordination of tourism-economy-society-ecology system is below the national average. Moreover, our results show that the tourism and economic system significantly hinder the coordination of tourism-economy-society-ecology system, and ecosystem is the slightest hinderance. Other hinderances include growth rate of population and GDP, domestic tourism revenue, total tourism revenue, and the number of A-star tourist attractions.