基于空间场能的中国区域经济发展差异评价

促进区域协调发展是区域发展的重要目标,其基础是准确评价区域经济发展格局与空间差异。空间场能是区域中心城市借助区域联系"通道"带动外围地区发展而产生的"势能差"的抽象表达,是反映区域经济发展格局与空间差异的有效手段。基于空间场能的内涵及表征方法,从省际、市际、县际等尺度探讨了中国宏观经济、三大地带与南北经济差异的时空特征、区域经济变化的空间作用机制以及区域经济格局的类型划分。结果表明:①2000年以来中国区域经济的不平衡性在扩大,但不同研究尺度反映的经济差异大小有所差别;②三大地带的内部经济差异呈显著的"反自然梯度"特征,南北差异由"南北平分秋色"向"南强北弱"演变,南方与北方内部经济发展差异均呈扩大趋势;③中国区域经济增长存在显著的空间极化现象,经济增长局部聚集模式呈现分异性与规律性;④中国区域经济发展水平的空间格局可划分为5大类型区23个亚单元,不同类型区未来应实施针对性的发展策略。

Regional Economic Development Disparity of China:An Application of Spatial Field

It is a fundamental work to accurately evaluate the pattern and spatial disparity of regional economic development in order to promote coordinated economic development.Spatial filed is an abstract concept to define the potential difference came from the process o f the growth pole of regional economy driving the economic development of periphery areas through transport corridors.According to the "pole-axis" system theory,regional interaction theory and energy space theory,the article characterizes the spatial field with the application of nodality index and regional accessibility.With the application of spatial field,it analyzes the spatio-temporal characteristics of macro-economic disparities,the three zones and the economic disparities in the Northern-Southern China from inter-province,inter-city,inter-county.Moreover,the article reveals the interaction mechanism of spatial variation of regional economic development,and identifies the spatial type based on the pattern of regional development in China.The results indicates that the imbalance of China’s regional economy has expanded from 2000,while the economic disparities are different at different research scales.Secondly,the internal economic disparities of the three zones showed a significant feature with "anti-natural gradient";the differences between the Southern and Northern China evolves from "South and North are in balance" to "South is stronger than North".Moreover,the internal economic disparities of both North and South presented a tendency to expand.Thirdly,China’s regional economic growth showed a significant spatial polarization.The local accumulation model of economic growth is differentiation and regularity.Fourthly,spatial pattern of the level of regional economic development in China could be divided into 5 zones and 23 sub-units,and different types of areas should implement a targeted development strategy in the future.