中国美丽乡村空间格局演变及其影响因素

以2014年、2017年、2020年对应的140、560、1216个美丽乡村为研究对象，运用GIS空间分析方法研究美丽乡村空间格局演变特征，采用地理探测器和多尺度地理加权回归探究美丽乡村空间格局的影响因素及其在空间上的分异。研究表明：① 美丽乡村空间分布的集聚性增强，主要集聚区呈现“带状-网状-面状”分布的演变趋势，热点区由沿海地带向内扩散。② 美丽乡村的空间分异是多因素共同作用的结果，但各影响因素对美丽乡村空间分异的解释度呈显著差异，其中非物质文化遗产、5A级景区、人口密度对美丽乡村空间分布的解释力最大。③ 主要影响因素对美丽乡村空间分布的影响作用存在空间差异，且局部不平衡性显著，正相关和负相关分析单元具有呈块状与带状的聚集特征。

Spatial Pattern Evolution and Influencing Factors of Beautiful Village in China

Beautiful village construction is an important measure of agricultural and rural modernization, beautiful China construction and comprehensive rural revitalization. It is of great significance to study the evolution characteristics and influencing factors of its spatial pattern for rational planning and layout of beautiful countryside. Thus, taking 140, 560 and 1216 beautiful village in 2014, 2017 and 2020 as the research object, GIS spatial analysis method is used to study the evolution characteristics of the spatial pattern of beautiful village, and geographic detectors and multi-scale geographic weighted regression are used to explore the influencing factors of the spatial pattern of beautiful village and their spatial differentiation. The results show that: 1) The spatial agglomeration of beautiful village is enhanced, and the main agglomeration areas show a trend of ‘zone-network-plane’ distribution, and the hot spots spread inward from coastal areas. 2) The spatial differentiation of beautiful village is the result of the joint action of multiple factors, but the explanatory degree of each influencing factor is significantly different, among which national intangible cultural heritage, 5A scenic spot and population density have the greatest explanatory power to the spatial distribution of beautiful village. 3) The main influencing factors have obvious spatial differences on the spatial distribution of beautiful village, and the local imbalance is significant. The positive correlation and negative correlation analysis units are blocky and banded.